Dataset Information

5-HTTLPR as a potential moderator of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on risk of antisocial personality disorder.

ABSTRACT: Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) frequently co-occurs with substance dependence (SD). A functional polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the serotonin transporter gene has been widely studied as a risk factor for a variety of psychopathologic conditions including aggressive/violent behavior. Childhood abuse is an important predictor of ASPD. We examined 5-HTTLPR genotype and adverse childhood events (ACEs) as risk factors for ASPD in a SD sample.Study participants [602 European-Americans (EAs) and 779 African-Americans (AAs)] were interviewed to obtain lifetime diagnoses of ASPD and SD and information on ACEs. Triallelic genotypes for 5-HTTLPR were obtained using standard methods. We used logistic generalized estimating equations regression to examine ACEs and 5-HTTLPR genotype and their interaction as predictors of ASPD, separately by population group.There were 203 (14.7%) participants diagnosed with ASPD. The frequency of the low-activity 5-HTTLPR S' allele did not differ by ASPD diagnosis, and there was no overall 5-HTTLPR×ACE interaction. However, among European-Americans, male sex (odds ratio=3.36; P<0.001) and ACE history (odds ratio=1.47; P=0.002) were significant predictors of ASPD. Among AAs, there was a significant interaction of sex×5-HTTLPR genotype×ACEs (?=13.92, P<0.001). Among AA men, each additional ACE significantly increased the odds of ASPD irrespective of genotype, whereas among AA women, the effect of ACEs on ASPD was significant only among S' homozygotes. However, these results are limited by the small sample size in each subgroup, (particularly AA women with S'S' genotype; N=7) and require replication.Childhood maltreatment contributes to the risk of ASPD, an effect for which there is preliminary evidence of moderation by 5-HTTLPR genotype in AA women.

SUBMITTER: Douglas K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3119731 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

5-HTTLPR as a potential moderator of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on risk of antisocial personality disorder.

Douglas Kara K Chan Grace G Gelernter Joel J Arias Albert J AJ Anton Raymond F RF Poling James J Farrer Lindsay L Kranzler Henry R HR

Psychiatric genetics 20111001 5

<h4>Introduction</h4>Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) frequently co-occurs with substance dependence (SD). A functional polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) in the serotonin transporter gene has been widely studied as a risk factor for a variety of psychopathologic conditions including aggressive/violent behavior. Childhood abuse is an important predictor of ASPD. We examined 5-HTTLPR genotype and adverse childhood events (ACEs) as risk factors for ASPD in a SD sample.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Stud ...[more]

PMID: 21399568

Similar Datasets

Project description:There is strong evidence that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) negatively impact mental health. However, the association between ACEs and personality, emotions and affect are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the association between composite ACE score and ACE type and personality, emotions and positive and negative affect. Three waves of data from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) study were used. ACE was the primary independent correlate. Covariates included demographic variables and survey wave. Outcome variables included generativity, personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agency), and affect (positive, negative.) Statistical analyses included 3 approaches: 1) treatment of ACE as dichotomous, 2) ordinal composite of ACE score, and 3) three individual ACE type components to assess the association between ACE and psychological constructs. Of 6,323 adults in the sample, 53% were female, and 56% had a past ACE. In the adjusted analyses, dichotomized ACE was significantly associated with neuroticism (β=0.10; 95% CI 0.07, 0.13) and conscientiousness (β=-0.03; 95% CI -0.05, -0.01). All ACE scores were significantly and positively associated with neuroticism and negatively associated with conscientiousness. Abuse was significantly associated with neuroticism (β=0.20; 95% CI 0.16, 0.24), openness (β=0.08; 95% CI 0.05, 0.11), conscientiousness (β=-0.05; 95% CI -0.08, -0.02), and agency (β=0.06; 95% CI 0.02, 0.10). All ACE categories, except financial strain, were significantly associated with affect. ACEs are significantly associated with personality, emotions, and affect, with greater effect seen at higher ACE scores and with ACE abuse type, which helps support the cumulative risk hypothesis and our study hypothesis. There is a need for continued research to understand the mechanistic processes and the directionality of the association between ACEs, emotions, and behaviors to help continue to drive biopsychosocial interventions.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Aggression is a clinical symptom of various psychiatric disorders that can be conceptualised as a physical act towards another person with the intent to cause harm. In antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), aggression is a frequent manifestation that differently compromise therapeutic and prognostic goals according to its impulsive or premeditated categorisation. ASPD is characterised by high levels of impulsivity, psychopathic traits, and a high prevalence of co-morbid substance use disorders (SUDs). Aggression in ASPD patients may determine long and recurrent imprisonment thus representing a challenge clinicians and legal experts face. OBJECTIVES:Our aims were to characterise impulsive and premeditated aggression in male ASPD offenders as well as to determine the potential role of SUDs, impulsivity, and psychopathic traits as predictors. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this cross-sectional study we evaluated a sample of ASPD offenders with a battery of clinical and psychometric, standardised instruments: the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R), the European Version of the Addiction Severity Index (EuropASI), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale Version 11 (BIS-11), and the Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scale (IPAS). RESULTS:We used a total sample of 134 offenders, all of whom were male. ASPD patients (n = 96) had a 71.9% prevalence of impulsive aggression and a 28.1% prevalence of premeditated aggression. ASPD patients with impulsive aggression had significantly lower scores of total PCL-R (p<0.01) factor 1 and interpersonal facet 1 (p<0.05), compared with ASPD patients with premeditated aggression. ASPD patients with impulsive aggression and ASPD patients with premeditated aggression had comparable BIS-11 mean scores, and exhibited an equal prevalence of SUDs. The interpersonal facet 1of the PCL-R predicted the aggression type (p<0.05) in ASPD patients, and the exponential beta value for facet 1 was 1.42 (CI = 1.03; 1.95). CONCLUSIONS:The aggression type that is associated with ASPD is mainly impulsive in nature. ASPD patients who have higher scores of psychopathic traits have a lower probability of exhibiting impulsive aggression and a higher probability of exhibiting premeditated aggression. Although ASPD patients have high levels of impulsivity and a high frequency of SUDs, these two variables were not predictors of the aggression type.

Dataset Information

5-HTTLPR as a potential moderator of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on risk of antisocial personality disorder.

Publications

5-HTTLPR as a potential moderator of the effects of adverse childhood experiences on risk of antisocial personality disorder.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure