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Enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination by presoaking with hemoglobin.

ABSTRACT: Salinity stress is an important environmental constraint limiting the productivity of many crops worldwide. In this report, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed presoaking by bovine hemoglobin, an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), on salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) plants. The results showed that different concentrations of the hemoglobin (0.01, 0.05, 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 g/L) differentially alleviated the inhibition of rice seed germination and thereafter seedling shoot growth caused by 100 mM NaCl stress, and the responses of 1.0 g/L hemoglobin was the most obvious. Further analyses showed that application of hemoglobin not only increased the HO-1 gene expression, but also differentially induced catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities or transcripts, thus decreasing the lipid peroxidation in germinating rice seeds subjected to salt stress. Compared with non-hemoglobin treatment, hemoglobin presoaking also increased the potassium (K) to sodium (Na) ratio both in the root and shoot parts after salinity stress. The effect is specific for HO-1 since the potent HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX) blocked the positive actions of hemoglobin on seed germination and seedling shoot growth. Overall, these results suggested that hemoglobin performs an advantageous role in enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination.

SUBMITTER: Xu S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3127130 | biostudies-literature | 2011

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination by presoaking with hemoglobin.

Xu Sheng S Hu Bing B He Ziyi Z Ma Fei F Feng Jianfei J Shen Wenbiao W Yang Jie J

International journal of molecular sciences 20110412 4

Salinity stress is an important environmental constraint limiting the productivity of many crops worldwide. In this report, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed presoaking by bovine hemoglobin, an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), on salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) plants. The results showed that different concentrations of the hemoglobin (0.01, 0.05, 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 g/L) differentially alleviated the inhibition of rice seed germination and thereafter seedl ...[more]

PMID: 21731454

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Project description:IntroductionHeat stress is a vital factor which restricts rice seed quality and yield. However, the response mechanism to heat stress in the mid filling stage of rice seed is unclear.MethodsIn the present study we integrated phenotypic analysis with biochemical, hormone, and gene expression analysis in order to explore technologies for improving rice seeds heat tolerance and subsequent seed germination.ResultsSpermidine (Spd) application effectively alleviated the damage of heat stress treatment during mid-filling stage (HTM, 12-20 days after pollination) on seed development, promoted subsequent seed germination and seedlings establishment. Spd significantly increased seed dry weight, starch and amylose contents during seed development under heat stress, and improved seed germinate, seedlings establishment and seedling characteristics during germination time. Biochemical analysis indicated that, HTM significantly decreased the activities of several starch synthase enzymes and led to a decrease in starch content. While Spd treatment significantly enhanced the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylas and granule-bound starch synthase, as well as the corresponding-genes expressions in HTM rice seeds, resulting in the increases of amylose and total starch contents. In addition, Spd significantly increased the catalase and glutathione reductase activities together with corresponding-genes expressions, and lowered the overaccumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde in HTM seeds. In the subsequent seed germination process, HTM+Spd seeds exhibited dramatically up-regulated levels of soluble sugars, glucose, ATP and energy charges. Consistently, HTM+Spd seeds showed significantly increased of α-amylose and α-glucosidase activities as well as corresponding-genes expressions during early germination. Moreover, HTM evidently increased the abscisic acid (ABA) content, decreased the gibberellin (GA) content, and accordingly significantly declined the GA/ABA ratio during early rice seeds germination. However, Spd treatment did not significantly affect the metabolism of GA and ABA in seed germination stage.DiscussionThe present study suggested that Spd treatment could effectively alleviate the negative impact of HTM on seed development and the subsequent seed germination, which might be closely correlated with starch synthesis and antioxidant defense during seed filling period, starch decomposition and energy supply in seed germination period.

Project description:Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is important to the global food industry; however, its productivity is affected by abiotic stresses such as osmosis, flooding, heat, and cold. Here, we evaluated the bioactive extracts of two biostimulant bacterial strains, Bacillus butanolivorans KJ40 and B. siamensis H30-3, for their ability to convey tolerance to osmotic stress in soybean seeds during germination. Soybean seeds were dip-treated in extracts of KJ40 (KJ40E) or H30-3 (H30-3E) and incubated with either 0% or 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG), simulating drought-induced osmotic stress. We measured malondialdehyde content as a marker for lipid peroxidation, as well as the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, together with changes in sugars content. We also monitored the expression of genes involved in the gibberellic acid (GA)-biosynthesis pathway, and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. Following osmotic stress in the extract-treated seeds, malondialdehyde content decreased, while antioxidant enzyme activity increased. Similarly, the expression of GA-synthesis genes, including GmGA2ox1 and GmGA3 were upregulated in KJ40E-dipped seeds at 12 or 6 h after treatment, respectively. The ABA signaling genes GmABI4 and GmDREB1 were upregulated in H30-3E- and KJ40E-treated seeds at 0 and 12 h after treatment under osmotic stress; however, GmABI5, GmABI4, and GmDREB1 levels were also elevated in the dip-treated seeds in baseline conditions. The GA/ABA ratio increased only in KJ40E-treated seeds undergoing osmotic stress, while glucose content significantly decreased in H30-3E-treated seeds at 24 h after treatment. Collectively, our findings indicated that dip-treatment of soybean seeds in KJ40E and H30-3E can enhance the seeds' resistance to osmotic stress during germination, and ameliorate cellular damage caused by secondary oxidative stress. This seed treatment can be used agriculturally to promote germination under drought stress and lead to increase crop yield and quality.

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Enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination by presoaking with hemoglobin.

Publications

Enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination by presoaking with hemoglobin.

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