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Effects of weight loss on serum vitamin D in postmenopausal women.

ABSTRACT: Low concentrations of circulating vitamin D are common with obesity and may represent a potential mechanism explaining the elevated risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular outcomes observed in individuals who are overweight or obese.The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 mo of weight loss through caloric restriction, exercise intervention, or both on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.Overweight and obese postmenopausal women (n = 439) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: 1) diet modification (n = 118), 2) exercise (n = 117), 3) diet + exercise (n = 117), or 4) control (n = 87). The diet intervention was a group-based reduced-calorie program with a 10% weight-loss goal. The exercise intervention consisted of 45 min of moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic activity daily for 5 d/wk. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured by using a competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay at baseline and 12 mo.No significant change in serum 25(OH)D was found between the intervention and control groups. Women who lost <5%, 5-9.9%, 10-14.9%, or ?15% of baseline weight had mean increases in 25(OH)D of 2.1, 2.7, 3.3, and 7.7 ng/mL, respectively (P for trend = 0.002). Baseline vitamin D status did not modify the effect of the interventions on weight loss or body-composition changes at the 12-mo follow-up.A greater degree of weight loss, achieved through either a reduced-calorie diet or increased exercise, is associated with increased circulating 25(OH)D concentrations. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00470119.

SUBMITTER: Mason C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3127511 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effects of weight loss on serum vitamin D in postmenopausal women.

Mason Caitlin C Xiao Liren L Imayama Ikuyo I Duggan Catherine R CR Bain Carolyn C Foster-Schubert Karen E KE Kong Angela A Campbell Kristin L KL Wang Ching-Yun CY Neuhouser Marian L ML Li Li L W Jeffery Robert R Robien Kim K Alfano Catherine M CM Blackburn George L GL McTiernan Anne A

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20110525 1

<h4>Background</h4>Low concentrations of circulating vitamin D are common with obesity and may represent a potential mechanism explaining the elevated risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular outcomes observed in individuals who are overweight or obese.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 mo of weight loss through caloric restriction, exercise intervention, or both on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations.<h4>Design</h4>Overweight and ...[more]

PMID: 21613554

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Project description:The aim of the study was to compare the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation versus placebo on serum sex hormones in postmenopausal women completing a 12-month diet + exercise weight loss program.Two hundred eighteen overweight or obese women (50-75 y) with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at least 10 to less than 32?ng/mL ("insufficient") were randomized to either weight loss + 2,000?IU/day oral vitamin D3, or to weight loss + daily placebo. Serum sex hormone-binding globulin, estrone, total, free, and bioavailable estradiol, and testosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay before randomization and at 12 months. Mean changes were compared between groups (intent-to-treat) using generalized estimating equations.The 12-month changes in sex hormone-binding globulin, estrone, total, free, and bioavailable estradiol, and testosterone did not differ between groups (all P?>?0.05). However, a greater increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was associated with a greater increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (Ptrend?=?0.01), and larger decreases in free and bioavailable estradiol (Ptrend?=?0.04, Ptrend?=?0.03, respectively). In post-hoc analyses, we compared women randomized to vitamin D whose serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D remained insufficient (n?=?38), to women who became replete (25-hydroxyvitamin D ?32?ng/mL; n?=?53). Replete women showed greater reductions in bioavailable estradiol (-1.8 vs -0.7?pg/mL), free testosterone (-0.8 vs -0.3?pg/mL), and bioavailable testosterone (-1.8 vs -0.6?ng/dL), and a greater increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (10.6 vs 4.7?nmol/L) (all P?<?0.05), even after adjusting for differences in total 12-month weight loss.Overall, 12-month changes in sex hormone did not differ between groups. However, vitamin D repletion was associated with greater reductions in sex hormones during weight loss, with a possible dose-dependent effect. Future studies should test higher doses and target circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels when measuring such effects.

Dataset Information

Effects of weight loss on serum vitamin D in postmenopausal women.

Publications

Effects of weight loss on serum vitamin D in postmenopausal women.

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