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A method to estimate the elastic energy stored in braided DNA molecules using hydrodynamic equations.

ABSTRACT: We present a single-molecule method for measuring the torque exerted by braided DNA molecules undergoing spontaneous unbraiding while attached to a paramagnetic dumbbell in the absence of external manipulation. A magnetic tweezers setup is employed to braid pairs of lambda DNA molecules covalently bound to a surface. Upon removing the magnetic field, the braided DNA molecules undergo spontaneous unbraiding, efficiently transforming the stored elastic energy into enough mechanical energy to rotate the tethered dumbbells for periods as long as 30 minutes. Using hydrodynamic equations we estimate the torque exerted on the dumbbells by the DNA braids, yielding values ranging from 47 to 166 pN nm.

SUBMITTER: Fernandez-Sierra M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3133659 | biostudies-literature | 2011 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A method to estimate the elastic energy stored in braided DNA molecules using hydrodynamic equations.

Fernández-Sierra Mónica M Delgado-Martí Violeta V Colón-García Jorge E JE Quiñones Edwin E

Chemical physics 20110501 1-3

We present a single-molecule method for measuring the torque exerted by braided DNA molecules undergoing spontaneous unbraiding while attached to a paramagnetic dumbbell in the absence of external manipulation. A magnetic tweezers setup is employed to braid pairs of lambda DNA molecules covalently bound to a surface. Upon removing the magnetic field, the braided DNA molecules undergo spontaneous unbraiding, efficiently transforming the stored elastic energy into enough mechanical energy to rotat ...[more]

PMID: 21765578

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Project description:We evaluated the validity of sixteen predictive energy expenditure equations for resting energy expenditure estimation (eREE) against measured resting energy expenditure using indirect calorimetry (REEIC) in 153 critically ill children. Predictive equations were included based on weight, height, sex, and age. The agreement between eREE and REEIC was analyzed using the Bland-Altman method. Precision was defined by the 95% limits of the agreement; differences > ±10% from REEIC were considered clinically unacceptable. The reliability was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (Cronbach's alpha). The influence of anthropometric, nutritional, and clinical variables on REEIC was also assessed. Thirty (19.6%) of the 153 enrolled patients were malnourished (19.6%), and fifty-four were overweight (10.5%) or obese (24.8%). All patients received sedation and analgesia. Mortality was 3.9%. The calculated eREE either underestimated (median 606, IQR 512; 784 kcal/day) or overestimated (1126.6, 929; 1340 kcal/day) REEIC compared with indirect calorimetry (928.3, 651; 1239 kcal/day). These differences resulted in significant biases of -342 to 592 kcal (95% limits of agreement (precision)-1107 to 1380 kcal/day) and high coefficients of variation (up to 1242%). Although predicted equations exhibited moderate reliability, the clinically acceptable ±10% accuracy rate ranged from only 6.5% to a maximum of 24.2%, with the inaccuracy varying from -31% to +71.5% of the measured patient's energy needs. REEIC (p = 0.017) and eREE (p < 0.001) were higher in the underweight compared to overweight and obese patients. Apart from a younger age, malnutrition, clinical characteristics, temperature, vasoactive drugs, neuromuscular blockade, and energy intake did not affect REEIC and thereby predictive equations' accuracy. Commonly used predictive equations for calculating energy needs are inaccurate for individual patients, either underestimating or overestimating REEIC compared with indirect calorimetry. Altogether these findings underscore the urgency for measuring REEIC in clinical situations where accurate knowledge of energy needs is vital.

Dataset Information

A method to estimate the elastic energy stored in braided DNA molecules using hydrodynamic equations.

Publications

A method to estimate the elastic energy stored in braided DNA molecules using hydrodynamic equations.

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