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Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008.

ABSTRACT: Prior to the introduction of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus from humans into pigs, four phylogenetic clusters (?-, ?-, ?- and ?) of the haemagglutinin (HA) gene from H1 influenza viruses could be found in US swine. Information regarding the antigenic relatedness of the H1 viruses was lacking due to the dynamic and variable nature of swine lineage H1. We characterized 12 H1 isolates from 2008 by using 454 genome-sequencing technology and phylogenetic analysis of all eight gene segments and by serological cross-reactivity in the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. Genetic diversity was demonstrated in all gene segments, but most notably in the HA gene. The gene segments from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 formed clusters separate from North American swine lineage viruses, suggesting progenitors of the pandemic virus were not present in US pigs immediately prior to 2009. Serological cross-reactivity paired with antigenic cartography demonstrated that the viruses in the different phylogenetic clusters are also antigenically divergent.

SUBMITTER: Lorusso A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3133703 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008.

Lorusso Alessio A Vincent Amy L AL Harland Michelle L ML Alt David D Bayles Darrell O DO Swenson Sabrina L SL Gramer Marie R MR Russell Colin A CA Smith Derek J DJ Lager Kelly M KM Lewis Nicola S NS

The Journal of general virology 20101222 Pt 4

Prior to the introduction of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus from humans into pigs, four phylogenetic clusters (α-, β-, γ- and δ) of the haemagglutinin (HA) gene from H1 influenza viruses could be found in US swine. Information regarding the antigenic relatedness of the H1 viruses was lacking due to the dynamic and variable nature of swine lineage H1. We characterized 12 H1 isolates from 2008 by using 454 genome-sequencing technology and phylogenetic analysis of all eight gene segments and by serol ...[more]

PMID: 21177926

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Project description:During 1998, severe outbreaks of influenza were observed in four swine herds in the United States. This event was unique because the causative agents, H3N2 influenza viruses, are infrequently isolated from swine in North America. Two antigenically distinct reassortant viruses (H3N2) were isolated from infected animals: a double-reassortant virus containing genes similar to those of human and swine viruses, and a triple-reassortant virus containing genes similar to those of human, swine, and avian influenza viruses (N. N. Zhou, D. A. Senne, J. S. Landgraf, S. L. Swenson, G. Erickson, K. Rossow, L. Liu, K.-J. Yoon, S. Krauss, and R. G. Webster, J. Virol. 73:8851-8856, 1999). Because the U.S. pig population was essentially naive in regard to H3N2 viruses, it was important to determine the extent of viral spread. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays of 4, 382 serum samples from swine in 23 states indicated that 28.3% of these animals had been exposed to classical swine-like H1N1 viruses and 20.5% had been exposed to the triple-reassortant-like H3N2 viruses. The HI data suggested that viruses antigenically related to the double-reassortant H3N2 virus have not become widespread in the U.S. swine population. The seroreactivity levels in swine serum samples and the nucleotide sequences of six additional 1999 isolates, all of which were of the triple-reassortant genotype, suggested that H3N2 viruses containing avian PA and PB2 genes had spread throughout much of the country. These avian-like genes cluster with genes from North American avian viruses. The worldwide predominance of swine viruses containing an avian-like internal gene component suggests that these genes may confer a selective advantage in pigs. Analysis of the 1999 swine H3N2 isolates showed that the internal gene complex of the triple-reassortant viruses was associated with three recent phylogenetically distinct human-like hemagglutinin (HA) molecules. Acquisition of HA genes from the human virus reservoir will significantly affect the efficacy of the current swine H3N2 vaccines. This finding supports continued surveillance of U.S. swine populations for influenza virus activity.

Dataset Information

Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008.

Publications

Genetic and antigenic characterization of H1 influenza viruses from United States swine from 2008.

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