Dataset Information

Dementia=(MC)2: a 4-item screening test for mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

ABSTRACT: To develop a practical informant-based screening tool that reliably identifies patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, we analyzed data from a sample of patients and normal controls seen in a memory clinic. All patients were evaluated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Individual Clinical Dementia Rating responses were dichotomized and entered into a forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression model. Four independent predictors of MCI and dementia thus identified were combined into a prediction rule that was validated in a separate cohort drawn from the same clinic. Using a cut point of 2 or more positive responses to the 4 questions, the final prediction rule had sensitivity of 95% (95% confidence interval (CI): 92-97%) for MCI or dementia, and a specificity of 91% (95% CI: 86-95%). When applied to the validation cohort, the sensitivity for MCI or dementia was 96% (95% CI: 94-98%), and the specificity was 96% (95% CI: 92-98%). Using both cohorts, the positive likelihood ratio for MCI or dementia was 15.6 (95% CI: 14.0-17.3) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.05 (95% CI: 0.04-0.07). This tool has the potential to identify patients who warrant further cognitive evaluation in busy outpatient or emergency department settings.

SUBMITTER: Douglas VC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3156889 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jul-Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Dementia=(MC)2: a 4-item screening test for mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Douglas Vanja C VC Neuhaus John J Johnson Julene K JK Racine Caroline A CA Miller Bruce L BL Josephson Scott Andrew SA

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders 20110701 3

To develop a practical informant-based screening tool that reliably identifies patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia, we analyzed data from a sample of patients and normal controls seen in a memory clinic. All patients were evaluated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Individual Clinical Dementia Rating responses were dichotomized and entered into a forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression model. Four independent predictors of MCI and dementia thus identified ...[more]

PMID: 21566510

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Project description:BackgroundMild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment, no dementia, are emerging terms that encompass the clinical state between normal cognition and dementia in elderly people. Controversy surrounds their characterization, definition and application in clinical practice. In this article, we provide physicians with practical guidance on the definition, diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment and cognitive impairment, no dementia, based on recommendations from the Third Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, held in March 2006.MethodsWe developed evidence-based guidelines using systematic literature searches, with specific criteria for study selection and quality assessment, and a clear and transparent decision-making process. We selected studies published from January 1996 to December 2005 that had mild cognitive impairment or cognitive impairment, no dementia, as the outcome. Subsequent to the conference, we searched for additional articles published between January 2006 and January 2008. We graded the strength of evidence using the criteria of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care.ResultsWe identified 2483 articles, of which 314 were considered to be relevant and of good or fair quality. From a synthesis of the evidence in these studies, we made 16 recommendations. In brief, family physicians should be aware that most types of dementia are preceded by a recognizable phase of mild cognitive decline. They should be familiar with the concepts of mild cognitive impairment and of cognitive impairment, no dementia. Patients with these conditions should be closely monitored because of their increased risk for dementia. Leisure activities, cognitive stimulation and physical activity could be promoted as part of a healthy lifestyle in elderly people and those with mild cognitive impairment. Vascular risk factors should be treated optimally. No other specific therapies can yet be recommended.InterpretationPhysicians will increasingly see elderly patients with mild memory loss, and learning an approach to diagnosing states such as mild cognitive impairment is now warranted. Close monitoring for progression to dementia, promotion of a healthy lifestyle and treatment of vascular risk factors are recommended for the management of patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Dataset Information

Dementia=(MC)2: a 4-item screening test for mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

Publications

Dementia=(MC)2: a 4-item screening test for mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

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