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Pertussis knowledge, attitude and practices among European health care professionals in charge of adult vaccination.

ABSTRACT: Despite successful infant vaccination programmes, pertussis remains endemic in many countries. Waning immunity leaves adolescents and adults susceptible to disease and potential reservoirs of infection allowing transmission to vulnerable infants. Misdiagnosis leads to significant underestimation of disease burden and inappropriate treatment. This online survey of 517 European health care professionals (HCP) examined their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding pertussis and adult vaccination. Compared with other vaccine-preventable diseases, HCPs did not perceive pertussis as a serious disease in adults and there was a low perceived need for adult vaccination; only 17% mentioned pertussis as a disease they would usually vaccinate adults against. Pertussis incidence was considered to be low. Although the majority of HCPs agreed that vaccination is useful to prevent pertussis transmission from adults to susceptible infants, respondents discussed pertussis vaccination with ?5% of patients; 58% respondents had never prescribed a pertussis vaccine to adults. The perceived low incidence of pertussis in adults and the lack of official guidelines/ recommendations were cited as key reasons for not administering pertussis boosters. Despite only taking place in four countries, our results suggest that the incidence and burden of adult pertussis is not reflected in the attitudes of European HCPs to the disease. Awareness of adult pertussis, its diagnosis and guidance on pertussis boosters should be raised to protect adults and vulnerable infants and to manage the consequences of waning pertussis immunity.

SUBMITTER: Hoffait M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3166477 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pertussis knowledge, attitude and practices among European health care professionals in charge of adult vaccination.

Hoffait Muriel M Hanlon David D Benninghoff Bernd B Calcoen Stijn S

Human vaccines 20110201 2

Despite successful infant vaccination programmes, pertussis remains endemic in many countries. Waning immunity leaves adolescents and adults susceptible to disease and potential reservoirs of infection allowing transmission to vulnerable infants. Misdiagnosis leads to significant underestimation of disease burden and inappropriate treatment. This online survey of 517 European health care professionals (HCP) examined their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding pertussis and adult vaccinati ...[more]

PMID: 21368583

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Project description:BackgroundThe human papilloma virus is a global problem that affects sexually active women and men, with cervical cancer being the most serious associated disease. Most cervical cancer cases can be prevented by vaccination against the human papilloma virus early in life. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among physicians working in Qatar, regarding the human papilloma virus, infection, and prevention using vaccines.Study-designThis was a cross-sectional study using quantitative data collection.MethodologyAn online survey targeting physicians working in Qatar was conducted, using a web-based pretested questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised four sections capturing a few demographic details, 33 questions in the Knowledge Section, 12 questions eliciting the attitude, and 14 practice-related questions. Mean knowledge score was calculated and those with a score more than the mean score were considered to have sufficient knowledge. Association between knowledge and attitude/practices/independent variables were looked for using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify the predictors for recommending human papilloma virus vaccines.ResultsOf the 557 physicians who participated, 83.7% had sufficient knowledge, but only 69.1% knew that human papilloma virus vaccines were available in Qatar. The majority (89.4%) knew that human papilloma virus infection could be asymptomatic and 96.1% knew at least one symptom; 77% believed the human papilloma virus vaccine would substantially decrease the chances of human papilloma virus infection and related cancers and 46.5% felt physicians were less motivated to promote the human papilloma virus vaccine. The perceived barriers to community acceptance of the human papilloma virus vaccine were lack of awareness regarding the relationship between human papilloma virus and cervical cancer (61.6%), doubts regarding efficacy (32.5%), fear regarding safety (26.9%), concern that the human papilloma virus vaccination may encourage risky sexual behavior (26.8%), and perceived low-risk (23.3%) and cost (24.6%). Only 21.5% commonly discussed sexual health with their clients. More than one-third were not interested in recommending the human papilloma virus vaccine. Bivariate analysis showed nationality, specialization, discussing with patients, and recommending vaccine to be significantly associated with knowledge. Bivariate and regression analysis identified that female gender and physician's religion were significant predictors to recommend the human papilloma virus vaccine.ConclusionMost physicians have good knowledge. Less than one-fourth commonly discussed sexual health with their clients. More than one-third were not interested in recommending the human papilloma virus vaccine. This issue might affect the human papilloma virus vaccination program implementation if not well addressed.

Project description:Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook, an integrated MCH home-based record, was piloted in four provinces of Vietnam (Dien Bien, Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa and An Giang). The study is aimed at assessing the changes in pregnant women's behavior towards the frequencies of their antenatal care service utilizations and their subsequent breastfeeding practices up to six months of age, through the MCH Handbook intervention. This is because the levels of pregnant women's knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) towards their antenatal care service utilizations and exclusive breastfeeding practices have been previously neither analyzed nor reported in relation to MCH home-based records in the country.To compare pre-intervention baseline in 2011, post-intervention data were collected in 2013. Structured interviews were conducted with randomly selected 810 mothers of children 6-18 months of age in the four provinces. A focus group discussion among mothers in each of four provinces was conducted.There was no significant difference in pregnant women's knowledge about the need for ≥3 antenatal care visits between pre- and post-interventions. Yet, the proportion of pregnant women who made ≥3 antenatal care visits in post-intervention was significantly higher than in pre-intervention. Thus, MCH Handbook is likely to have contributed to practicing ≥3 antenatal care visits, by changing their attitude. The proportion of mothers who know the need for exclusive breastfeeding necessary during the initial six months significantly increased between pre- and post-interventions. The proportion of those practicing exclusive breastfeeding significantly increased between pre- and post-interventions, too. Thus, MCH Handbook is likely to have contributed to the increase in both knowledge about and practices of exclusive breastfeeding.The results of study imply that MCH Handbook contributed to the increase in pregnant women's practices of ≥3 antenatal care visits and in their knowledge about and practice of exclusive breastfeeding. While there is room for improvement in the level of its data recording, the study confirmed that MCH Handbook plays a catalytic role in ensuring a continuum of maternal, newborn and child care. Note that this study is the first study that attempted to estimate pregnant women's behavioral changes through MCH Handbook intervention in Vietnam.

Project description:BACKGROUND/AIM:Early diagnosis of chronic illnesses and cancers mainly occurs at primary health care centers (PHCs) by primary health care physicians (PHPs). The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is rising and this has been attributed to many factors. The increasing incidence of CRC is compounded by nonadherence to screening recommendations. Therefore, evaluating PHPs knowledge, attitudes, and practices of screening for CRC is clinically important. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of PHPs regarding CRC screening and to identify the factors associated with nonadherence of PHPs to screening recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS:PHPs working at three tertiary care centers and PHCs across the city of Jeddah were randomly recruited. Participants were surveyed using a comprehensive questionnaire that recorded data on demographics, qualifications, and knowledge of various modalities and guidelines related to CRC screening. Perspectives about effectiveness of, or adherence to, factors that influence physicians' perspectives or recommendations for CRC screening were also assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify physician characteristics associated with PHPs perspectives and nonadherence to CRC screening. RESULTS:A total of 127 PHPs were recruited. The average age of participants was 34 (±8.4) years, 86.6% were native Saudi's and 56.7% were females. The majority of surveys (66.9%) were completed at 24 PHCs and the remaining at hospital-based family medicine clinics. Most of the PHPs (55%) had a bachelor's degree and 31.5% were board-certified or carried a PhD in family medicine; 95% of participants believed that CRC screening in general was effective, but as much as 55% reported that they did not practice screening. The male physicians [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.19-0.99, P = 0.048)] and PHPs with only a bachelor degree or less (OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55-0.93, P = 0.011) were less likely to recommend screening for CRC. CONCLUSIONS:A considerable proportion of PHPs do not adhere to CRC screening recommendations despite a wide belief that screening is effective. Male PHPs with lower qualifications appear to be less likely to recommend screening.

Project description:BackgroundAll healthcare professionals (HCPs) are at high risk of influenza infection. Therefore, immunization is recommended for all HCPs. Due to safety and effectiveness concerns, HCPs have a low vaccination rate. This study was designed to explore the attitude, awareness and knowledge of HCPs toward vaccination for influenza.MethodA cross-sectional study was performed during October-November 2016. A total of 405 questionnaires were distributed in 8 major hospitals in Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire consisting of 31 questions and 5 sections was administered. Statistical Analysis Software (SAS®) version 9.2 was used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 364 HCPs responded to the study survey, which is a response rate of 90%. A large proportion (61.8%) of participants were female. The majority of the participants were nurses (60.4%). More than half of the respondents (57.7%) were working in government-run hospitals. Among all the participants, approximately 67.6% of HCPs were vaccinated. The majority (84.1%) of HCPs believed that influenza vaccine prevents the flu. Furthermore, approximately 75% of participants believed that HCPs can be more susceptible to influenza infections than other people. The majority of participants (89.6%) knew the proper signs and symptoms of influenza. HCPs' belief that vaccination prevents influenza infection (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.97-7.82), their awareness of the Scientific Committee for Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination (SCIPV)'s guidelines (OR = 2. 13, 95% CI = 1.16-3.90) and the presence of the standing orders regarding influenza vaccine (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.01-3.21), were the predictors for receipt of influenza vaccine by HCPs. Many (58.0%) respondents believed that vaccine safety concerns is a major barrier to the vaccination of HCPs. Some misconceptions, such as influenza infection due to vaccination (42.3%) and incorrect perceptions about the symptoms of influenza in adults (50.5%), were found.ConclusionThe acceptance of and participation in influenza vaccination by HCPs in Saudi Arabia appears to have markedly increased in the 2016 season. Continuing evaluation of vaccination practices is necessary, and more training programs are needed in the future.

Project description:INTRODUCTION:Frailty is an increasingly common condition in which physiological decline as a result of accumulated deficits renders older people more vulnerable to adverse outcomes. An increasing range of frailty screening programmes have been introduced in primary care to identify frail older people in order to deliver appropriate interventions. However, limited information on the knowledge and attitude of healthcare professionals (HCPs) with respect to frailty screening is known. The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence on the knowledge and attitude of HCP in terms of frailty screening, and potentially identify barriers and facilitators to frailty screening to improve implementation of frailty screening in primary care. METHODS/DESIGN:A systematic review of qualitative research will be conducted. Databases searched will be MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Web of Science from January 2001 to August 2019. Methods will be reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Population, interest, context and study design methodology was used to develop inclusion and exclusion criteria with HCPs as population, frailty screening as interest and knowledge or attitude of HCPs to frailty screening as context. Studies with a qualitative methodology or a mixed-method design where the qualitative component is analysed separately will also be included. Quality appraisal will be carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool for qualitative studies. Data will be extracted from each selected study with thematic framework analysis used to synthesise findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION:This systematic review does not require ethical approval as primary data will not be collected. The findings will be disseminated at conferences and in a relevant academic journal. This review will assist HCPs and relevant stakeholders to tackle the challenges of frailty screening in primary care. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER:CRD42019159007.

Project description:Background Knowledge and attitudes are among the key drivers of social behavioral change. We assessed employed health professionals' (HPs) knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 in Dessie city, northeast Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 HPs working at Dessie city from 17 to 21 May 2020. The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Knowledge, attitude, and practice are measured using 19, 16, and 8 questions, respectively. Knowledge and attitude scores are dichotomized at the 3rd quartile, while practice is using the mean value. Data entry and analysis were conducted using EpiData Manager 4.2 and SPSS 25, respectively. Three independent logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the associated factors. We defined significant association at a p-value of < 0.05. Results Out of 419 participants, 369 (88.1%) have sufficient knowledge regarding COVID-19 (95% CI: 85–91). The mean knowledge score is 16.8 with a ± 2.1 SD. Similarly, 355 (84.7%) of the HPs have a favorable attitude toward COVID-19 (95% CI: 81–87.9). The mean attitude score is 14 with ± 2.1 SD. However, practice regarding COVID-19 is adequate only in 69.7% (292) of the HPs (95% CI: 65.2–94). The mean practice score is 5.1 with a ± 1.3 SD. Sufficient knowledge is significantly associated with the type of health facility (AOR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.4–13.3), degree and above education (AOR: 2.6, 95% Cl: 1.4–4.9), radio availability (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3–4.7), and social media utilization (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–5.1). The predictors of favorable attitude are training (AOR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.6–6.1), sufficient knowledge (AOR: 5.2, 95% Cl: 2.6–10.4), and type of health facility (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–5.2). Conclusion Most HPs have sufficient knowledge and a favorable attitude regarding COVID-19. However, practice is relatively low and there remains plenty to build assertive preventive behaviors. The gap between knowledge and practice should be narrowed through an appropriate social and behavioral change communication strategy.

Dataset Information

Pertussis knowledge, attitude and practices among European health care professionals in charge of adult vaccination.

Publications

Pertussis knowledge, attitude and practices among European health care professionals in charge of adult vaccination.

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