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Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents.

ABSTRACT: Responses to stress vary greatly in young adolescents, and little is known about neural correlates of the stress response in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in cortisol responsivity following a social stress test in young adolescents is associated with altered neural functional connectivity (FC) of the salience network (SN) measured during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).Forty-nine typically developing young adolescents participated in a social stress test during which they contributed salivary cortisol samples. Following this, they underwent rs-fMRI scanning. We examined the association of FC of the SN [composed of anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula regions] with cortisol responsivity.Greater cortisol responsivity was significantly positively correlated with higher FC between subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (Cg25) and the SN, controlling for participant age. There were no regions of the brain that showed an inverse relation.Brain systems that have been implicated in autonomic arousal and that influence subjective feeling states show altered FC associated with stress responsivity in early life.

SUBMITTER: Thomason ME

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3169772 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents.

Thomason Moriah E ME Hamilton J Paul JP Gotlib Ian H IH

Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines 20110603 10

<h4>Background</h4>Responses to stress vary greatly in young adolescents, and little is known about neural correlates of the stress response in youth. The purpose of this study was to examine whether variability in cortisol responsivity following a social stress test in young adolescents is associated with altered neural functional connectivity (FC) of the salience network (SN) measured during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).<h4>Methods</h4>Forty-nine typically deve ...[more]

PMID: 21644985

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Project description:AimApproximately one-third of patients with major depressive disorder develop treatment-resistant depression. One-third of patients with treatment-resistant depression demonstrate resistance to ketamine, which is a novel antidepressant effective for this disorder. The objective of this study was to examine the utility of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging for the prediction of treatment response to ketamine in treatment-resistant depression.MethodsAn exploratory seed-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis was performed to examine baseline resting-state functional connectivity differences between ketamine responders and nonresponders before treatment with multiple intravenous ketamine infusions.ResultsFifteen patients with treatment-resistant depression received multiple intravenous subanesthetic (0.5 mg/kg/40 minutes) ketamine infusions, and nine were identified as responders. The exploratory resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging analysis identified a cluster of significant baseline resting-state functional connectivity differences associating ketamine response between the amygdala and subgenual anterior cingulate gyrus in the right hemisphere. Using anatomical region of interest analysis of the resting-state functional connectivity, ketamine response was predicted with 88.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The resting-state functional connectivity of significant group differences between responders and nonresponders retained throughout the treatment were considered a trait-like feature of heterogeneity in treatment-resistant depression.ConclusionThis study suggests the possible clinical utility of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging for predicting the antidepressant effects of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression patients and implicated resting-state functional connectivity alterations to determine the trait-like pathophysiology underlying treatment response heterogeneity in treatment-resistant depression.

Dataset Information

Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents.

Publications

Stress-induced activation of the HPA axis predicts connectivity between subgenual cingulate and salience network during rest in adolescents.

Similar Datasets

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