Dataset Information

Self-assembly and biomaterials.

ABSTRACT: An interesting field within the broad subject of biomaterials is the chemical and physical crafting of materials that can functionally substitute or help regenerate the organs and tissues of the human body. Regeneration is the new dimension of this field as opposed to the more established area of permanent implants and devices to substitute natural structures and functions. With the advent of nanoscience, the field is experiencing a renaissance by embracing the vision that artificial nanostructures of the self-assembling type could be designed for highly specific functions to promote regenerative processes.

SUBMITTER: Stupp SI

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3175009 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Self-assembly and biomaterials.

Stupp Samuel I SI

Nano letters 20101028 12

An interesting field within the broad subject of biomaterials is the chemical and physical crafting of materials that can functionally substitute or help regenerate the organs and tissues of the human body. Regeneration is the new dimension of this field as opposed to the more established area of permanent implants and devices to substitute natural structures and functions. With the advent of nanoscience, the field is experiencing a renaissance by embracing the vision that artificial nanostructu ...[more]

PMID: 21028843

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Project description:A core challenge in biomaterials, with both fundamental significance and technological relevance, concerns the rational design of bioactive microenvironments. Designed properly, peptides can undergo supramolecular assembly into dynamic, physical hydrogels that mimic the mechanical, topological, and biochemical features of native tissue microenvironments. The relatively facile, inexpensive, and automatable preparation of peptides, coupled with low batch-to-batch variability, motivates the expanded use of assembling peptide hydrogels for biomedical applications. Integral to realizing dynamic peptide assemblies as functional biomaterials for tissue engineering is an understanding of the molecular and macroscopic features that govern assembly, morphology, and biological interactions. In this review, we first discuss the design of assembling peptides, including primary structure (sequence), secondary structure (e.g., α-helix and β-sheets), and molecular interactions that facilitate assembly into multiscale materials with desired properties. Next, we describe characterization tools for elucidating molecular structure and interactions, morphology, bulk properties, and biological functionality. Understanding of these characterization methods enables researchers to access a variety of approaches in this ever-expanding field. Finally, we discuss the biological properties and applications of peptide-based biomaterials for engineering several important tissues. By connecting molecular features and mechanisms of assembling peptides to the material and biological properties, we aim to guide the design and characterization of peptide-based biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Engineering peptide-based biomaterials that mimic the topological and mechanical properties of natural extracellular matrices provide excellent opportunities to direct cell behavior for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Here we review the molecular-scale features of assembling peptides that result in biomaterials that exhibit a variety of relevant extracellular matrix-mimetic properties and promote beneficial cell-biomaterial interactions. Aiming to inspire and guide researchers approaching this challenge from both the peptide biomaterial design and tissue engineering perspectives, we also present characterization tools for understanding the connection between peptide structure and properties and highlight the use of peptide-based biomaterials in neural, orthopedic, cardiac, muscular, and immune engineering applications.

Dataset Information

Self-assembly and biomaterials.

Publications

Self-assembly and biomaterials.

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