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Nuclear receptor CAR-regulated expression of the FAM84A gene during the development of mouse liver tumors.

ABSTRACT: The nuclear xenobiotic receptor CAR is a phenobarbital (PB)-activated transcription factor. Using a mouse model of two-step liver tumorigenesis, in which tumor growth was initiated by diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) and promoted by chronic treatment with PB, we previously demonstrated that tumors developed only in the presence of CAR. Here, we have identified the FAM84A (family with sequence similarity 84, member A) gene as a CAR-regulated gene that is over-expressed during development of phenobarbital-promoted mouse liver tumors. FAM84A mRNA was induced in the liver of DEN/PB-treated mice prior to the development of liver tumors and this induction continued in the non-tumor as well as tumor tissues of a tumor-bearing liver. Western blotting demonstated that FAM84A protein expression increased in mouse liver after PB treatment; however, the FAM84A protein in liver and liver tumors was not phosphorylated at the serine 38 residue, which has been reported to correlate with morphological changes in cells. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed the cytoplasmic localization of FAM84A protein and its expression during tumor development in normal tissues (especially in hepatocytes around the central vein), eosinophilic foci, adenomas and carcinomas. HepG2 cell-based reporter assays indicated that CAR activated the FAM84A promoter. Exogenous over-expression of FAM84A in HepG2 cells resulted in increased cell migration. The physiological function of FAM84A remains unknown, but our results suggest that FAM84A is up-regulated by CAR during the development of liver tumors, and may play an important role in the progression of liver cancer by increasing cell migration.

SUBMITTER: Kamino H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3176583 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nuclear receptor CAR-regulated expression of the FAM84A gene during the development of mouse liver tumors.

Kamino Hiroki H Yamazaki Yuichi Y Saito Kosuke K Takizawa Daichi D Kakizaki Satoru S Moore Rick R Negishi Masahiko M

International journal of oncology 20110317 6

The nuclear xenobiotic receptor CAR is a phenobarbital (PB)-activated transcription factor. Using a mouse model of two-step liver tumorigenesis, in which tumor growth was initiated by diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) and promoted by chronic treatment with PB, we previously demonstrated that tumors developed only in the presence of CAR. Here, we have identified the FAM84A (family with sequence similarity 84, member A) gene as a CAR-regulated gene that is over-expressed during development of phenobarbita ...[more]

PMID: 21424122

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Project description:The nuclear receptor family member peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) is activated by therapeutic hypolipidemic drugs and environmentally-relevant chemicals to regulate genes involved in lipid transport and catabolism. Chronic activation of PPAR? in rodents increases liver cancer incidence, whereas suppression of PPAR? activity leads to hepatocellular steatosis. Analytical approaches were developed to identify biosets (i.e., gene expression differences between two conditions) in a genomic database in which PPAR? activity was altered. A gene expression signature of 131 PPAR?-dependent genes was built using microarray profiles from the livers of wild-type and PPAR?-null mice after exposure to three structurally diverse PPAR? activators (WY-14,643, fenofibrate and perfluorohexane sulfonate). A fold-change rank-based test (Running Fisher's test (p-value ? 10(-4))) was used to evaluate the similarity between the PPAR? signature and a test set of 48 and 31 biosets positive or negative, respectively for PPAR? activation; the test resulted in a balanced accuracy of 98%. The signature was then used to identify factors that activate or suppress PPAR? in an annotated mouse liver/primary hepatocyte gene expression compendium of ~1850 biosets. In addition to the expected activation of PPAR? by fibrate drugs, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and perfluorinated compounds, PPAR? was activated by benzofuran, galactosamine, and TCDD and suppressed by hepatotoxins acetaminophen, lipopolysaccharide, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, and trovafloxacin. Additional factors that activate (fasting, caloric restriction) or suppress (infections) PPAR? were also identified. This study 1) developed methods useful for future screening of environmental chemicals, 2) identified chemicals that activate or suppress PPAR?, and 3) identified factors including diets and infections that modulate PPAR? activity and would be hypothesized to affect chemical-induced PPAR? activity.

Dataset Information

Nuclear receptor CAR-regulated expression of the FAM84A gene during the development of mouse liver tumors.

Publications

Nuclear receptor CAR-regulated expression of the FAM84A gene during the development of mouse liver tumors.

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