Dataset Information

QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3) is a putative homogalacturonan methyltransferase regulating cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells.

ABSTRACT: Pectins are complex polysaccharides that are essential components of the plant cell wall. In this study, a novel putative Arabidopsis S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase, termed QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3, At4g00740), has been characterized and it was demonstrated that it is a Golgi-localized, type II integral membrane protein that functions in methylesterification of the pectin homogalacturonan (HG). Although transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings with overexpression, or knock-down, of QUA3 do not show altered phenotypes or changes in pectin methylation, this enzyme is highly expressed and abundant in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells. In contrast, in cells subjected to QUA3 RNA interference (RNAi) knock-down there is less pectin methylation as well as altered composition and assembly of cell wall polysaccharides. Taken together, these observations point to a Golgi-localized QUA3 playing an essential role in controlling pectin methylation and cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis suspension cell cultures.

SUBMITTER: Miao Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3193014 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3) is a putative homogalacturonan methyltransferase regulating cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells.

Miao Yansong Y Li Hong-Ye HY Shen Jinbo J Wang Junqi J Jiang Liwen L

Journal of experimental botany 20110701 14

Pectins are complex polysaccharides that are essential components of the plant cell wall. In this study, a novel putative Arabidopsis S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase, termed QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3, At4g00740), has been characterized and it was demonstrated that it is a Golgi-localized, type II integral membrane protein that functions in methylesterification of the pectin homogalacturonan (HG). Although transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings with overexpression, or knock-down, of Q ...[more]

PMID: 21725030

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Project description:The growth of Arabidopsis cell cultures following their sub-culture into fresh media follows standard growth kinetics of a period of exponential increase associated with high rate of cell division, followed by a slowing of the rate of increase as cells approach stationary phase. For the analysis described here, MM2d cells were subcultured into fresh MSS-medium and samples were taken at day 1, day3, day 5 and day7. We have carried out transcriptional profiling analysis with the aim to follow growth stage specific gene expression during unperturbed growth using the near full genome ATH1 arrays (Menges et al., 2003). Journal Absract:; (Plant Molecular Biology: 53, 2003); Plant cell suspension cultures are invaluable models for the study of cellular processes. Here we develop the recently described Arabidopsis suspension culture MM2d as a transcript profiling platform by means of Affymetrix ATH1 microarrays. Analysis of gene expression profiles during normal culture growth, during synchronous cell cycle re-entry and during synchronous cell cycle progression provides a unique integrated view of gene expression responses in a higher-plant system. Particularly striking is that expression of over 14 000 genes belonging to all defined categories can be reliably detected, suggesting that integrated and comparative analysis of data sets derived from transcript profiling of cultures is a powerful approach to identify candidate components involved in a wide range of biological processes. Combinatorial analysis of independent cell cycle synchrony methods allows the identification of genes that are apparently cell-cycle-regulated but are most likely responding to the induction of synchrony. We thus present an integrated genome-wide view of the transcriptional profile of a plant suspension culture and identify a refined set of 1082 cell cycle regulated genes largely independent of synchrony method. Experimenter name = Jim Murray; Experimenter phone = 44 1223 334166; Experimenter fax = 44 1223 334162; Experimenter department = J Murray Laboratory; Experimenter address = University of Cambridge; Experimenter address = Institute of Biotechnology; Experimenter address = Tennis Court Road; Experimenter address = Cambridge; Experimenter zip/postal_code = CB2 1QT; Experimenter country = United Kingdom Experiment Overall Design: 4 samples were used in this experiment

Project description:BACKGROUND:Grafting is a technique widely used in horticulture. The processes involved in grafting are diverse, and the technique is commonly employed in studies focusing on the mechanisms that regulate cell differentiation or response of plants to abiotic stress. Information on the changes in the composition of the cell wall that occur during the grafting process is scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out for analyzing the composition of the cell wall using Arabidopsis hypocotyls as an example. During the study, the formation of a layer that covers the surface of the graft union was observed. So, this study also aimed to describe the histological and cellular changes that accompany autografting of Arabidopsis hypocotyls and to perform preliminary chemical and structural analyses of extracellular material that seals the graft union. RESULTS:During grafting, polyphenolic and lipid compounds were detected, along with extracellular deposition of carbohydrate/protein material. The spatiotemporal changes observed in the structure of the extracellular material included the formation of a fibrillar network, polymerization of the fibrillar network into a membranous layer, and the presence of bead-like structures on the surface of cells in established graft union. These bead-like structures appeared either "closed" or "open". Only three cell wall epitopes, namely: LM19 (un/low-methyl-esterified homogalacturonan), JIM11, and JIM20 (extensins), were detected abundantly on the cut surfaces that made the adhesion plane, as well as in the structure that covered the graft union and in the bead-like structures, during the subsequent stages of regeneration. CONCLUSIONS:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the composition and structure of the extracellular material that gets deposited on the surface of graft union during Arabidopsis grafting. The results showed that unmethyl-esterified homogalacturonan and extensins are together involved in the adhesion of scion and stock, as well as taking part in sealing the graft union. The extracellular material is of importance not only due to the potential pectin-extensin interaction but also due to its origin. The findings presented here implicate a need for studies with biochemical approach for a detailed analysis of the composition and structure of the extracellular material.

Project description:The growth of Arabidopsis cell cultures following their sub-culture into fresh media follows standard growth kinetics of a period of exponential increase associated with high rate of cell division, followed by a slowing of the rate of increase as cells approach stationary phase. For the analysis described here, MM2d cells were subcultured into fresh MSS-medium and samples were taken at day 1, day3, day 5 and day7. We have carried out transcriptional profiling analysis with the aim to follow growth stage specific gene expression during unperturbed growth using the near full genome ATH1 arrays (Menges et al., 2003). Journal Absract: (Plant Molecular Biology: 53, 2003) Plant cell suspension cultures are invaluable models for the study of cellular processes. Here we develop the recently described Arabidopsis suspension culture MM2d as a transcript profiling platform by means of Affymetrix ATH1 microarrays. Analysis of gene expression profiles during normal culture growth, during synchronous cell cycle re-entry and during synchronous cell cycle progression provides a unique integrated view of gene expression responses in a higher-plant system. Particularly striking is that expression of over 14 000 genes belonging to all defined categories can be reliably detected, suggesting that integrated and comparative analysis of data sets derived from transcript profiling of cultures is a powerful approach to identify candidate components involved in a wide range of biological processes. Combinatorial analysis of independent cell cycle synchrony methods allows the identification of genes that are apparently cell-cycle-regulated but are most likely responding to the induction of synchrony. We thus present an integrated genome-wide view of the transcriptional profile of a plant suspension culture and identify a refined set of 1082 cell cycle regulated genes largely independent of synchrony method. Experimenter name = Jim Murray Experimenter phone = 44 1223 334166 Experimenter fax = 44 1223 334162 Experimenter department = J Murray Laboratory Experimenter address = University of Cambridge Experimenter address = Institute of Biotechnology Experimenter address = Tennis Court Road Experimenter address = Cambridge Experimenter zip/postal_code = CB2 1QT Experimenter country = United Kingdom Keywords: time_series_design

Dataset Information

QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3) is a putative homogalacturonan methyltransferase regulating cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells.

Publications

QUASIMODO 3 (QUA3) is a putative homogalacturonan methyltransferase regulating cell wall biosynthesis in Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells.

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