Dataset Information

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral and transdermal 17? estradiol in girls with Turner syndrome.

ABSTRACT: The type, dose, and route of 17?-estradiol (E(2)) used to feminize girls with Turner syndrome (TS) is not well established.The objective of the study was to characterize pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral vs. transdermal E(2).The study was conducted at a clinical research center.Ten girls with TS, mean age 17.7 ± 0.4 (se) yr and 20 normally menstruating controls (aged 16.8 ± 0.4 yr) participated in the study.TS subjects were randomized 2 wk each to: low-dose daily oral (0.5 mg) and biweekly transdermal E(2) (0.0375 mg) with 2 wk washout in between or high-dose oral (2.0 mg) and transdermal (0.075 mg), studied for 24 h each. Tandem mass spectrometry E(2) and estrone (E(1)) assays and a recombinant cell bioassay were used.Controls consisted of the following: E(2), 96 ± 11 pg/ml (se), E(1), 70 ± 7 (mean follicular/luteal). TS consisted of the following: E(2), average concentration on low-dose oral, 18 ± 2.1 pg/ml, low-dose transdermal, 38 ± 13, high-dose oral, 46 ± 15, high-dose transdermal, 114 ± 31 pg/ml. E(1) concentrations were much higher on oral E(2) (low or high dose) than transdermal in TS and higher than controls. Bioestrogen was closest to normal in the high-dose transdermal group. LH and FSH decreased more in transdermal than oral low-dose routes and similarly in the high-dose oral and transdermal groups. IGF-I concentrations were variable (P = NS) among groups, and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol responses were variable.Transdermal E(2) results in E(2), E(1), and bioestrogen concentrations closer to normal and achieves greater suppression of LH/FSH in lower doses compared with normal. Whether the long-term metabolic effects of estrogen differ using the same form of E(2), depending on route, awaits further study in TS.

SUBMITTER: Taboada M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3205885 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral and transdermal 17β estradiol in girls with Turner syndrome.

Taboada Martha M Santen Richard R Lima John J Hossain Jobayer J Singh Ravinder R Klein Karen Oerter KO Mauras Nelly N

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 20110831 11

<h4>Context</h4>The type, dose, and route of 17β-estradiol (E(2)) used to feminize girls with Turner syndrome (TS) is not well established.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective of the study was to characterize pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral vs. transdermal E(2).<h4>Setting</h4>The study was conducted at a clinical research center.<h4>Subjects</h4>Ten girls with TS, mean age 17.7 ± 0.4 (se) yr and 20 normally menstruating controls (aged 16.8 ± 0.4 yr) participated in the study.<h4>Interv ...[more]

PMID: 21880799

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Project description:ObjectiveMost girls and women with Turner syndrome (TS) require estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) to initiate or maintain pubertal development. Most likely, the most fundamental effect of ERT in hypogonadism is the promotion of uterine growth. The optimal ERT model is still being discussed. The present study aimed to assess uterine size in girls with TS in the prepubertal state during and after the induction of puberty and compare it to a healthy population.MethodsThe analysis encompassed 40 TS girls. The prepubertal and postpubertal control groups contained 20 healthy girls each. All patients with TS were treated with 17-ß estradiol. Uterine imaging was performed with two-dimensional (2D) transabdominal ultrasound. The uterine volume (UV) and fundocervical antero-posterior ratio (FCR) were calculated in patients with TS before the pubertal induction, after 6-12 months of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), after ≥ 36 months of ERT or ≥ 12 months after menarche.ResultsThe average age of TS patients at estrogen introduction and at the last control visit, when the uterus was considered mature, was 12.9 years and 16.1 years, respectively. The UV in patients with TS at the beginning of ERT was 1.55 ± 1.22 cm3 and was not significantly different from the UV in the prepubertal controls. The mature UV in patients with TS was 31.04 ± 11.78 cm3 and was significantly smaller than the UV of the postpubertal controls (45.68 ± 12.51 cm3, p<0.001). The FCR in girls with TS did not differ significantly from that in the prepubertal and postpubertal control groups, respectively. No prognostic factors could be established for the final UV. By the last control visit, thelarche had advanced in most patients to Tanner 4 and 5 (37.5% and 40%, respectively).ConclusionsBefore the onset of ERT, patients with TS have a uterus similar in size to that in prepubertal healthy girls. Pubertal induction in patients with TS causes a significant increase in the UV that is detectable after 6-12 months of ERT. The mature uterus is smaller in patients with TS than in the age-matched healthy population.

Dataset Information

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral and transdermal 17? estradiol in girls with Turner syndrome.

Publications

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral and transdermal 17β estradiol in girls with Turner syndrome.

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