Dataset Information

Splicing factor hnRNPH drives an oncogenic splicing switch in gliomas.

ABSTRACT: In tumours, aberrant splicing generates variants that contribute to multiple aspects of tumour establishment, progression and maintenance. We show that in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) specimens, death-domain adaptor protein Insuloma-Glucagonoma protein 20 (IG20) is consistently aberrantly spliced to generate an antagonist, anti-apoptotic isoform (MAP-kinase activating death domain protein, MADD), which effectively redirects TNF-?/TRAIL-induced death signalling to promote survival and proliferation instead of triggering apoptosis. Splicing factor hnRNPH, which is upregulated in gliomas, controls this splicing event and similarly mediates switching to a ligand-independent, constitutively active Recepteur d'Origine Nantais (RON) tyrosine kinase receptor variant that promotes migration and invasion. The increased cell death and the reduced invasiveness caused by hnRNPH ablation can be rescued by the targeted downregulation of IG20/MADD exon 16- or RON exon 11-containing variants, respectively, using isoform-specific knockdown or splicing redirection approaches. Thus, hnRNPH activity appears to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of malignant gliomas as the centre of a splicing oncogenic switch, which might reflect reactivation of stem cell patterns and mediates multiple key aspects of aggressive tumour behaviour, including evasion from apoptosis and invasiveness.

SUBMITTER: Lefave CV

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3209773 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Splicing factor hnRNPH drives an oncogenic splicing switch in gliomas.

Lefave Clare V CV Squatrito Massimo M Vorlova Sandra S Rocco Gina L GL Brennan Cameron W CW Holland Eric C EC Pan Ying-Xian YX Cartegni Luca L

The EMBO journal 20110913 19

In tumours, aberrant splicing generates variants that contribute to multiple aspects of tumour establishment, progression and maintenance. We show that in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) specimens, death-domain adaptor protein Insuloma-Glucagonoma protein 20 (IG20) is consistently aberrantly spliced to generate an antagonist, anti-apoptotic isoform (MAP-kinase activating death domain protein, MADD), which effectively redirects TNF-α/TRAIL-induced death signalling to promote survival and proliferat ...[more]

PMID: 21915099

Similar Datasets

Project description:Glioblastomas remain the deadliest brain tumour, with a dismal ∼12-16-month survival from diagnosis. Therefore, identification of new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic tools to tackle glioblastomas is urgently needed. Emerging evidence indicates that the cellular machinery controlling the splicing process (spliceosome) is altered in tumours, leading to oncogenic splicing events associated with tumour progression and aggressiveness. Here, we identify for the first time a profound dysregulation in the expression of relevant spliceosome components and splicing factors (at mRNA and protein levels) in well characterized cohorts of human high-grade astrocytomas, mostly glioblastomas, compared to healthy brain control samples, being SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 able to perfectly discriminate between tumours and control samples, and between proneural-like or mesenchymal-like tumours versus control samples from different mouse models with gliomas. Results were confirmed in four additional and independent human cohorts. Silencing of SRSF3, RBM22, PTBP1 and RBM3 decreased aggressiveness parameters in vitro (e.g. proliferation, migration, tumorsphere-formation, etc.) and induced apoptosis, especially SRSF3. Remarkably, SRSF3 was correlated with patient survival and relevant tumour markers, and its silencing in vivo drastically decreased tumour development and progression, likely through a molecular/cellular mechanism involving PDGFRB and associated oncogenic signalling pathways (PI3K-AKT/ERK), which may also involve the distinct alteration of alternative splicing events of specific transcription factors controlling PDGFRB (i.e. TP73). Altogether, our results demonstrate a drastic splicing machinery-associated molecular dysregulation in glioblastomas, which could potentially be considered as a source of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for glioblastomas. Remarkably, SRSF3 is directly associated with glioblastoma development, progression, aggressiveness and patient survival and represents a novel potential therapeutic target to tackle this devastating pathology.

Project description:BackgroundAlternative RNA splicing is widely dysregulated in cancers including lung adenocarcinoma, where aberrant splicing events are frequently caused by somatic splice site mutations or somatic mutations of splicing factor genes. However, the majority of mis-splicing in cancers is unexplained by these known mechanisms. We hypothesize that the aberrant Ras signaling characteristic of lung cancers plays a role in promoting the alternative splicing observed in tumors.MethodsWe recently performed transcriptome and proteome profiling of human lung epithelial cells ectopically expressing oncogenic KRAS and another cancer-associated Ras GTPase, RIT1. Unbiased analysis of phosphoproteome data identified altered splicing factor phosphorylation in KRAS-mutant cells, so we performed differential alternative splicing analysis using rMATS to identify significantly altered isoforms in lung epithelial cells. To determine whether these isoforms were uniquely regulated by KRAS, we performed a large-scale splicing screen in which we generated over 300 unique RNA sequencing profiles of isogenic A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells ectopically expressing 75 different wild-type or variant alleles across 28 genes implicated in lung cancer.ResultsMass spectrometry data showed widespread downregulation of splicing factor phosphorylation in lung epithelial cells expressing mutant KRAS compared to cells expressing wild-type KRAS. We observed alternative splicing in the same cells, with 2196 and 2416 skipped exon events in KRASG12V and KRASQ61H cells, respectively, 997 of which were shared (p < 0.001 by hypergeometric test). In the high-throughput splicing screen, mutant KRAS induced the greatest number of differential alternative splicing events, second only to the RNA binding protein RBM45 and its variant RBM45M126I. We identified ten high confidence cassette exon events across multiple KRAS variants and cell lines. These included differential splicing of the Myc Associated Zinc Finger (MAZ). As MAZ regulates expression of KRAS, this splice variant may be a mechanism for the cell to modulate wild-type KRAS levels in the presence of oncogenic KRAS.ConclusionProteomic and transcriptomic profiling of lung epithelial cells uncovered splicing factor phosphorylation and mRNA splicing events regulated by oncogenic KRAS. These data suggest that in addition to widespread transcriptional changes, the Ras signaling pathway can promote post-transcriptional splicing changes that may contribute to oncogenic processes.

Dataset Information

Splicing factor hnRNPH drives an oncogenic splicing switch in gliomas.

Publications

Splicing factor hnRNPH drives an oncogenic splicing switch in gliomas.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets