Dataset Information

Adolescent health-risk sexual behaviors: effects of a drug abuse intervention.

ABSTRACT: Adolescents who abuse substances are more likely to engage in health-risking sexual behavior (HRSB) and are at particularly high risk for HIV/AIDS. Thus, substance abuse treatment presents a prime opportunity to target HIV-risk behaviors. The present study evaluated a one-session HIV-risk intervention embedded in a controlled clinical trial for drug-abusing adolescents. The trial was conducted in New Mexico and Oregon with Hispanic and Anglo adolescents. Youths were randomly assigned to individual cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or to an integrated behavioral and family therapy (IBFT) condition, involving individual and family sessions. The HIV-specific intervention was not associated with change. IBFT and CBT were both efficacious in reducing HIV-risk behaviors from intake to the 18-month follow-up for high-risk adolescents. For low-risk adolescents, CBT (versus IBFT) was more efficacious in suppressing HRSB. These data suggest that drug abuse treatments can have both preventative and intervention effects for adolescents, depending on their relative HIV-risk.

SUBMITTER: Hops H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3215274 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adolescent health-risk sexual behaviors: effects of a drug abuse intervention.

Hops Hyman H Ozechowski Timothy J TJ Waldron Holly B HB Davis Betsy B Turner Charles W CW Brody Janet L JL Barrera Manuel M

AIDS and behavior 20111101 8

Adolescents who abuse substances are more likely to engage in health-risking sexual behavior (HRSB) and are at particularly high risk for HIV/AIDS. Thus, substance abuse treatment presents a prime opportunity to target HIV-risk behaviors. The present study evaluated a one-session HIV-risk intervention embedded in a controlled clinical trial for drug-abusing adolescents. The trial was conducted in New Mexico and Oregon with Hispanic and Anglo adolescents. Youths were randomly assigned to individu ...[more]

PMID: 21833690

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Project description:Adolescent drug misuse represents a major risk factor for long-term drug use disorders. However, wide individual differences in responses to first-line behavioral therapies targeting adolescent drug misuse limit critical early intervention. Identifying the neural signatures of those adolescents most likely to respond to an intervention would potentially guide personalized strategies for reducing drug misuse. Prior to a 14-week evidence-based intervention involving combinations of contingency management, motivational enhancement, and cognitive behavioral therapy, thirty adolescent alcohol and/or cannabis users underwent fMRI while performing a reward delay discounting (DD) task tapping an addiction-related cognition. Intervention responses were longitudinally characterized by both urinalysis and self-report measures of the percentage of days used during treatment and in post-treatment follow-up. Group independent component analysis (ICA) of task fMRI data identified neural processing networks related to DD task performance. Separate measures of wholesale recruitment during immediate reward choices and within-network functional connectivity among selective networks significantly predicted intervention-related changes in drug misuse frequency. Specifically, heightened pre-intervention engagement of a temporal lobe "reward motivation" network for impulsive choices on the DD task predicted poorer intervention outcomes, while modes of functional connectivity within the reward motivation network, a prospection network, and a posterior insula network demonstrated robust associations with intervention outcomes. Finally, the pre-intervention functional organization of the prospection network also predicted post-intervention drug use behaviors for up to 6 months of follow-up. Multiple functional variations in the neural processing networks supporting preference for immediate and future rewards signal individual differences in readiness to benefit from an effective behavioral therapy for reducing adolescent drug misuse. The implications for efforts to boost therapy responses are discussed.

Project description:BackgroundLittle is known on the co-occurrence and heterogeneity of child sexual abuse (CSA) or health risk behavior (HRB) prevalence nor the associations among the victims.ObjectivesTo detect the prevalence and subgroups of adolescents reporting CSAs or HRBs, and to examine the association between the subgroups.MethodsParticipants were secondary school students in a national survey in China (N = 8746). Self-reported CSA and HRB experiences were collected through a computer assisted questionnaire. Prevalence and confidence intervals were calculated. Multigroup latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine latent subgroups of CSA and HRB. Dual latent class regression analysis was used to examine the association between CSA and HRB classes.ResultsA total of 8746 students participated in our study. The prevalence of having ever experienced any of the reported seven CSA items was 12.9%. The preferred LCA model consisted of a three-class CSA latent variable, i.e. "Low CSAs"(95.7% of the total respondents), "Verbal or exhibitionism CSAs"(3.3%), and "high multiple CSAs" (1.1%); and a three-class HRB latent variable, i.e. "Low HRBs"(70.5%), "externalizing HRBs" (20.7%), and "internalizing HRBs" (8.7%). Students in the "Verbal or exhibitionism CSAs" or "high multiple CSAs" classes had higher probabilities of being in "externalizing HRBs" or "internalizing HRBs" classes. The probabilities were higher in "high multiple CSAs" class(male externalizing OR 4.05, 95%CI 1.71-9.57; internalizing OR 11.77, 95%CI 4.76-29.13; female externalizing OR 4.97, 95%CI 1.99-12.44; internalizing OR 9.87, 95%CI 3.71-26.25) than those in "Verbal or exhibitionism CSA"(male externalizing OR 2.51, 95%CI 1.50-4.20; internalizing OR 3.08, 95%CI 1.48-6.40; female externalizing OR 2.53, 95%CI 1.63-3.95; internalizing OR 6.05, 95%CI 3.73-9.80).ConclusionsPrevalence of CSA items varies. Non-contact CSAs are the most common forms of child sexual abuse among Chinese school students. There are different latent class co-occurrence patterns of CSA items or HRB items among the respondents. CSA experiences are in association with HRB experiences and the associations between latent classes are dose-responded. Multi-victimization has more significantly negative effects. The results could help identify high-risk subgroups and promote more nuanced interventions addressing adverse experiences and risk behaviors among at-risk adolescents.

Dataset Information

Adolescent health-risk sexual behaviors: effects of a drug abuse intervention.

Publications

Adolescent health-risk sexual behaviors: effects of a drug abuse intervention.

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