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Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Human Diseases.

ABSTRACT: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) was first reported as a pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor in 1994 with little notice, but it has received increasing attention in recent years due to accumulating evidence indicating that NAMPT is a pleiotropic protein such as a growth factor, a cytokine, an enzyme and a visfatin. Now, NAMPT has been accepted as an official name of this protein. Because of NAMPT's multiple functions in a variety of physiological processes, their dysregulations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases or conditions such as acute lung injury, aging, atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis. This review will cover the current understanding of NAMPT's structure and functions with an emphasis on recent progress of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase's pathological roles in various human diseases and conditions. Future directions on exploring its Terra incognita will be offered in the end.

SUBMITTER: Zhang LQ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3227030 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Human Diseases.

Zhang Li Qin LQ Heruth Daniel P DP Ye Shui Qing SQ

Journal of bioanalysis & biomedicine 20110101

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) was first reported as a pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor in 1994 with little notice, but it has received increasing attention in recent years due to accumulating evidence indicating that NAMPT is a pleiotropic protein such as a growth factor, a cytokine, an enzyme and a visfatin. Now, NAMPT has been accepted as an official name of this protein. Because of NAMPT's multiple functions in a variety of physiological processes, their dysregulations have ...[more]

PMID: 22140607

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Postoperative hypophosphatemia is common and is associated with a lower risk of liver failure after hepatectomy, but higher morbidity after pancreatectomy. Whether different physiologic mechanisms underlie the hypophosphatemia associated with these very different clinical outcomes is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the underlying mechanism in postoperative hypophosphatemia. STUDY DESIGN:We prospectively enrolled 120 patients who underwent major hepatectomy (n = 30), minor hepatectomy (n = 30), pancreatectomy (n = 30), and laparotomy without resection (control group, n = 30). Preoperative and postoperative serum and urinary phosphorus, calcium, and creatinine, as well as phosphaturic factors, including serum nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), fibroblast growth factor-23, and parathyroid hormone were measured. In addition, we evaluated urinary levels of nicotinamide catabolites, N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide and N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide. RESULTS:We found that significant hypophosphatemia occurred from postoperative day (POD) 1 to POD 2 in all 4 groups and was preceded by hyperphosphaturia from preoperative day to POD 1. Phosphate level alterations were associated with a significant increase in NAMPT levels from preoperative day to POD 2 in all 3 resected groups, but not in the control group. The fibroblast growth factor-23 levels were significantly decreased postoperatively in all 4 groups, and parathyroid hormone levels did not change in any of the 4 groups. Urine levels of N-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide and N-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide decreased significantly in all 4 groups postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates that the mechanism of hypophosphatemia is the same for both liver and pancreas resections. Postoperative hypophosphatemia is associated with increased NAMPT. The mechanism that upregulates NAMPT and its role on disparate clinical outcomes in postoperative patients warrant additional investigation.

Dataset Information

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Human Diseases.

Publications

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase in Human Diseases.

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