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Adolescent diet and metabolic syndrome in young women: results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) follow-up study.

ABSTRACT: Childhood diet is hypothesized to influence development of chronic disease in adulthood.Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of a dietary intervention to reduce fat and increase fiber intake during childhood and adolescence on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in young adult women.A follow-up study was conducted in 2006-2008, 9 yr after termination of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC).The study took place at six DISC clinical centers in the United States.A total of 230 (76%) DISC female participants who were 25-29 yr old and had not been pregnant or breastfeeding in the previous 3 months participated in the follow-up study.There was no intervention between the end of the DISC trial and the follow-up visit.Metabolic syndrome was the primary study endpoint planned before data collection and was hypothesized to be less common in the intervention group participants.Metabolic syndrome was uncommon, and its prevalence did not differ by treatment group. However, after adjustment for nondietary variables, mean systolic blood pressures of intervention and control group participants were 107.7 and 110.0 mm Hg, respectively (P = 0.03), whereas mean fasting plasma glucose levels were 87.0 and 89.1 mg/dl, respectively (P = 0.01). Intervention group participants also had lower concentrations of large very-low-density lipoprotein particles, a marker of hepatic insulin resistance, compared with control group participants. Adjustment for current diet did not materially alter results.Consumption of a diet lower in fat and higher in fiber during childhood and adolescence may benefit glycemic control and blood pressure long term.

SUBMITTER: Dorgan JF

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3232612 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Adolescent diet and metabolic syndrome in young women: results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) follow-up study.

Dorgan Joanne F JF Liu Lea L Barton Bruce A BA Deshmukh Snehal S Snetselaar Linda G LG Van Horn Linda L Stevens Victor J VJ Robson Alan M AM Lasser Norman L NL Himes John H JH Shepherd John A JA Pourfarzib Ray R Pettee Gabriel Kelley K Kriska Andrea A Kwiterovich Peter O PO

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 20111012 12

<h4>Context</h4>Childhood diet is hypothesized to influence development of chronic disease in adulthood.<h4>Objective</h4>Our objective was to evaluate the long-term effects of a dietary intervention to reduce fat and increase fiber intake during childhood and adolescence on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in young adult women.<h4>Design</h4>A follow-up study was conducted in 2006-2008, 9 yr after termination of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC).<h4>Setting</h4>The study too ...[more]

PMID: 21994964

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Project description:The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is associated with the adult diet and chronic disease. Childhood diet may influence chronic disease through its effect on the IGF system; however, there is limited information describing the dietary predictors of the IGF system in adolescents.We examined associations between dietary food intake [fat, protein (animal and vegetable), carbohydrate, lactose, dietary fiber, calcium, zinc, and sodium] and serum IGF-I, IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and the IGF-I:IGFBP-3 molar ratio in adolescent females.One hundred fifty-nine adolescent females in the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (age range: 14-18 y; 0.2-6.3 y postmenarche) were included. The dietary intake was assessed via three 24-h dietary recalls. IGF-related biomarkers were determined by using radioimmunoassays. Associations between dietary intakes and biomarkers were assessed with Pearson's correlations and multivariable linear regression. Dietary intakes and biomarkers were logarithmically transformed; thus, beta coefficients represented percentages.In analyses adjusted for energy, age, and time since menarche, significant correlations (P < 0.05) were as follows: IGF-I with total protein, lactose, calcium, and sodium; IGFBP-3 with total fat (inverse), lactose, fiber, and calcium; IGF-I/IGFBP-3 with lactose and calcium; and IGFBP-1 with vegetable protein. In multivariable analyses, significant predictors of IGF-I were energy (beta = 0.14, P < 0.05) and calcium (beta = 0.14, P < 0.01), the significant predictor of IGFBP-3 was calcium (beta = 0.07, P < 0.05), and significant predictors of IGFBP-1 were vegetable protein (beta = 0.49, P < 0.05) and body mass index-for-age percentile (beta = -0.01, P < 0.001).This study provides evidence that dietary intake affects IGF-related biomarkers-particularly elevated calcium with IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and elevated vegetable protein with IGFBP-1-and, to our knowledge, is novel in reporting these associations in adolescent females. The Dietary Intervention Study in Children was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000459.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The Hutchinson Study of High School Smoking was the first randomized trial to show effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention on 6-months prolonged smoking abstinence at one year post-intervention in a large population-based sample of adolescent smokers. An important question remains: Do the positive effects from teen smoking cessation interventions seen at up to 12 months post-intervention endure into young adulthood? This study examines for the first time whether such positive early effects from teen smoking cessation intervention can endure into young adulthood in the absence of additional intervention. METHODS:High school smokers (n = 2,151) were proactively recruited into the trial from fifty randomly selected Washington State high schools randomized to the experimental (Motivational Interviewing + Cognitive Behavioral Skills Training telephone counseling intervention) or control (no intervention) condition. These smokers were followed to 7 years post high school to ascertain rates of six-year prolonged smoking abstinence in young adulthood. All statistical tests are two-sided. RESULTS:No evidence of intervention impact at seven years post high school was observed for the main endpoint of six-year prolonged abstinence, neither among all smokers (14.2% in the experimental condition vs. 13.1% in the control condition, difference = +1.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -3.4 to 5.8, p = .61), nor among the subgroups of daily smokers and less-than-daily smokers, nor among other a priori subgroups. But, observed among males was some evidence of an intervention impact on two endpoints related to progress towards quitting: reduction in number of days smoked in the past month, and increase in the length of the longest quit attempt in the past year. CONCLUSIONS:There was no evidence from this trial among adolescent smokers that positive effectiveness of the proactive telephone intervention for smoking abstinence, observed previously at one year post-intervention, was sustained for the long-term into young adulthood. In light of the positive short-term effectiveness consistently observed from this and other trials for teen smokers, together with the lack of evidence from this study that such short-term impact can endure into young adulthood, sustained interventions that continue into young adulthood should be developed and tested for long-term impact. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00115882.

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Adolescent diet and metabolic syndrome in young women: results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) follow-up study.

Publications

Adolescent diet and metabolic syndrome in young women: results of the Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) follow-up study.

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