Cytokine-based high log-scale expansion of functional human dendritic cells from cord-blood CD34-positive cells.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Harada Y
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3240956 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Immunotherapy based on natural killer (NK) cell infusions is a potential adjuvant treatment for many cancers. Such therapeutic application in humans requires large numbers of functional NK cells that have been selected and expanded using clinical grade protocols. We established an extremely efficient cytokine-based culture system for ex vivo expansion of NK cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from umbilical cord blood (UCB). Systematic refinement of this two-step system using a novel clinical grade medium resulted in a therapeutically applicable cell culture protocol. CD56(+)CD3(-) NK cell products could be routinely generated from freshly selected CD34(+) UCB cells with a mean expansion of >15,000 fold and a nearly 100% purity. Moreover, our protocol has the capacity to produce more than 3-log NK cell expansion from frozen CD34(+) UCB cells. These ex vivo-generated cell products contain NK cell subsets differentially expressing NKG2A and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors. Furthermore, UCB-derived CD56(+) NK cells generated by our protocol uniformly express high levels of activating NKG2D and natural cytotoxicity receptors. Functional analysis showed that these ex vivo-generated NK cells efficiently target myeloid leukemia and melanoma tumor cell lines, and mediate cytolysis of primary leukemia cells at low NK-target ratios. Our culture system exemplifies a major breakthrough in producing pure NK cell products from limited numbers of CD34(+) cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Project description:Natural killer (NK) cells are important mediators of anti-tumor immunity and are active against several hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). Umbilical cord blood (CB) is a promising source of allogeneic NK cells but large scale ex vivo expansion is required for generation of clinically relevant CB-derived NK (CB-NK) cell doses. Here we describe a novel strategy for expanding NK cells from cryopreserved CB units using artificial antigen presenting feeder cells (aAPC) in a gas permeable culture system. After 14 days, mean fold expansion of CB-NK cells was 1848-fold from fresh and 2389-fold from cryopreserved CB with >95% purity for NK cells (CD56(+)/CD3(-)) and less than 1% CD3(+) cells. Though surface expression of some cytotoxicity receptors was decreased, aAPC-expanded CB-NK cells exhibited a phenotype similar to CB-NK cells expanded with IL-2 alone with respect to various inhibitory receptors, NKG2C and CD94 and maintained strong expression of transcription factors Eomesodermin and T-bet. Furthermore, CB-NK cells formed functional immune synapses with and demonstrated cytotoxicity against various MM targets. Finally, aAPC-expanded CB-NK cells showed significant in vivo activity against MM in a xenogenic mouse model. Our findings introduce a clinically applicable strategy for the generation of highly functional CB-NK cells which can be used to eradicate MM.
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Project description:Cord blood hematopoietic stem cells (CB-HSCs) transplantation has been increasing gradually with facing the limitation of insufficient quantity of HSCs in each CB unit. Therefore, efficient expansion methods which can maintain stem cell characteristics are needed. In this study, umbilical CB-CD34(+) cells were cultured in two different cytokine cocktails: 4 factors (4F?=?Flt3-L, SCF, IL-6, and TPO) and 5 factors (5F?=?Wnt1?+?4F) in both serum and serum-free media. The data revealed that the best condition to accelerate an expansion of CD34(+)CD38(-) cells was serum-free culture condition supplemented with 5F (5F KSR). This condition yielded 24.3?±?2.1 folds increase of CD34(+)CD38(-) cells. The expanded cells exhibited CD34(+) CD38(-) CD133(+) CD71(low) CD33(low) CD3(-) CD19(-) markers, expressed nanog, oct3/4, c-myc, and sox2 genes, and maintained differentiation potential into lymphoid, erythroid and myeloid lineages. The achievement of CD34(+)CD38(-) cells expansion may overcome an insufficient quantity of the cells leading to the improvement of the stem cell transplantation. Altogether, our findings highlight the role of Wnt1 and the new culture condition in stimulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells expansion which may offer a new therapeutic avenue for cord blood transplantation, regenerative medicine, stem cell bank applications, and other clinical applications in the future.
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Project description:Conventional high-dose chemotherapy frequently leads to severe neutropenia, during which patients experience a high risk of infection. Although support care with donor's neutrophils is possible this choice is largely hampered by the limited availability of matched donors. To overcome this problem, we explored a large-scale ex vivo production of neutrophils from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) using a four-stage culture approach in a roller-bottle production platform. We expanded CD34+ HSCs isolated from umbilical cord blood (UCB) using our in-house special medium supplemented with cytokine cocktails and achieved about 49000-fold expansion of cells, among which about 61% were differentiated mature neutrophils. Ex vivo differentiated neutrophils exhibited a chemotactic activity similar to those from healthy donors and were capable of killing E. coli in vitro. The expansion yield as reported herein was at least 5 times higher than any other methods reported in the literature. Moreover, the cost of our modified medium was only a small fraction (<1/60) of the StemSpan™ SFEM. Therefore, our ex vivo expansion platform, coupled with a low cost of stem cell culture due to the use of a modified medium, makes large-scale manufacturing neutrophils possible, which should be able to greatly ameliorate neutrophil shortage for transfusion in the clinic.
| S-EPMC5507460 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by developmental arrest, which is thought to arise from transcriptional dysregulation of myeloid development programs. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) isolated from human blood are frequently used as a normal comparator in AML studies. Previous studies have reported changes in the transcriptional program of genes involved in proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and homing when HSPCs were expanded ex vivo. The intrinsic functional differences between quiescent and dividing CD34+ HSPCs prompted us to determine whether fresh or cytokine-induced cord blood-derived CD34+ HSPCs are a more appropriate normal control compared to AML blasts. Based on principal component analysis and gene expression profiling we demonstrate that CD34+ HSPCs that do not undergo ex vivo expansion are transcriptionally similar to minimally differentiated AML blasts. This was confirmed by comparing the cell cycle status of the AML blasts and the HSPCs. We suggest that freshly isolated CD34+ HSPCs that do not undergo ex vivo expansion would serve as a better control to identify novel transcriptional targets in the AML blast population.
| S-EPMC5405857 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The ex vivo generation of human red blood cells on a large scale from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells has been considered as a potential method to overcome blood supply shortages. Here, we report that functional human erythrocytes can be efficiently produced from cord blood (CB) CD34+ cells using a bottle turning device culture system. Safety and efficiency studies were performed in murine and nonhuman primate (NHP) models. With the selected optimized culture conditions, one human CB CD34+ cell could be induced ex vivo to produce up to 200 million erythrocytes with a purity of 90.1% ± 6.2% and 50% ± 5.7% (mean ± SD) for CD235a+ cells and enucleated cells, respectively. The yield of erythrocytes from one CB unit (5 million CD34+ cells) could be, in theory, equivalent to 500 blood transfusion units in clinical application. Moreover, induced human erythrocytes had normal hemoglobin content and could continue to undergo terminal maturation in the murine xenotransplantation model. In NHP model, xenotransplantation of induced human erythrocytes enhanced hematological recovery and ameliorated the hypoxia situation in the primates with hemorrhagic anemia. These findings suggested that the ex vivo-generated erythrocytes could be an alternative blood source for traditional transfusion products in the clinic. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1698-1709.
| S-EPMC5689780 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to support the characteristic properties of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment. MSCs are used in coculture systems as a feeder layer for the ex vivo expansion of umbilical cord blood (CB) to increase the relatively low number of HSPCs in CB. Findings increasingly suggest that MSC-derived microvesicles (MSC-MVs) play an important role in the biological functions of their parent cells. We speculate that MSC-MVs may recapitulate the hematopoiesis-supporting effects of their parent cells. In the current study, we found MSC-MVs containing microRNAs that are involved in the regulation of hematopoiesis. We also demonstrated that MSC-MVs could improve the expansion of CB-derived mononuclear cells and CD34(+) cells and generate a greater number of primitive progenitor cells in vitro. Additionally, when MSC-MVs were added to the CB-MSC coculture system, they could improve the hematopoiesis-supporting effects of MSCs. These findings highlight the role of MSC-MVs in the ex vivo expansion of CB, which may offer a promising therapeutic approach in CB transplantation.
| S-EPMC4799819 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Ex vivo expansion of haematopoetic cells by application of specific cytokines is one approach to overcome boundaries in cord blood transplantation due to limited numbers of haematopoetic stem cells. While many protocols describe an effective increase of total cell numbers and the amount of CD34-positive cells, it still remains unclear if and how the procedure actually affects the cells' properties. In the presented publications, CD34-positive cells were isolated from cord blood and expanded for up to 7 days in media supplemented with stem cell factor (SCF), thrombopoietin (THPO), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3lg). At days 3 and 7, expanded cells were harvested and analyzed by flow cytometry and quantitative proteomics. 2970 proteins were identified, whereof proteomic analysis showed 440 proteins significantly changed in abundance during ex vivo expansion. Despite the fact that haematopoetic cells still expressed CD34 on the surface after 3 days, major changes in regard to the protein profile were observed, while further expansion showed less effect on the proteome level. Enrichment analysis of biological processes clearly showed a proteomic change toward a protein biosynthesis phenotype already within the first three days of expression.
| S-EPMC3622389 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Human umbilical cord blood cells (UCB) is an important alternative resource for the hematopoietic stem cells in treatment of leukemia and other non-malignant diseases. The failure of hematopoiesis reconstruction by the UCB is known to be associated with several clinicopathological features of host patients. There are very few reports available, however, seeking for the association with the quality of umbilical cord blood cells (UCB) themselves. Here we try to address the quality of UCBs by transfusion to the lethally irradiated immunocompromized mice. The cryopreserved CD34+ UCBs cells from twelve different single human donors were transplanted to the irradiated NOD/shi-scid Jic mice. In parallel, total RNAs of the UCBs were subjected to the gene expression profiling with oligonucleotide microarrays. The UCBs from three donors failed to establish the engraftment in the host mice whereas other 9 UCBs succeeded to various extents. Oligonucleotide microarray analysis indicated that 71 genes, including HOXB4 and ETS2, were specifically overexpressed and 23 genes were suppressed more than 2 fold in the successful UCBs comparing with the failed ones (p<0.005, Student’s t-test). Functional annotation analyses revealed that the genes mediated cell growth and cell cycle regulations were enriched in successful UCBs comparing with the failed ones. Our results suggest that the hematopoiesis reconstitution ability may vary among the cryopreserved UCBs and the quality can be distinguished with certain sets of gene expression.
2010-07-15 | GSE19835 | GEO
Project description:Human umbilical cord blood cells (UCB) is an important alternative resource for the hematopoietic stem cells in treatment of leukemia and other non-malignant diseases. The failure of hematopoiesis reconstruction by the UCB is known to be associated with several clinicopathological features of host patients. There are very few reports available, however, seeking for the association with the quality of umbilical cord blood cells (UCB) themselves. Here we try to address the quality of UCBs by transfusion to the lethally irradiated immunocompromized mice. The cryopreserved CD34+ UCBs cells from twelve different single human donors were transplanted to the irradiated NOD/shi-scid Jic mice. In parallel, total RNAs of the UCBs were subjected to the gene expression profiling with oligonucleotide microarrays. The UCBs from three donors failed to establish the engraftment in the host mice whereas other 9 UCBs succeeded to various extents. Oligonucleotide microarray analysis indicated that 71 genes, including HOXB4 and ETS2, were specifically overexpressed and 23 genes were suppressed more than 2 fold in the successful UCBs comparing with the failed ones (p<0.005, Student’s t-test). Functional annotation analyses revealed that the genes mediated cell growth and cell cycle regulations were enriched in successful UCBs comparing with the failed ones. Our results suggest that the hematopoiesis reconstitution ability may vary among the cryopreserved UCBs and the quality can be distinguished with certain sets of gene expression. The gene expression in human umbilical cord blood cells (UCBs) was measured before transplantation to the lethally irradiated immunocompromized mice. UCBs from 12 individuals were examined.
2010-07-15 | E-GEOD-19835 | biostudies-arrayexpress