Dataset Information

Initiation and persistence of alcohol use in United States Black, Hispanic, and White male and female youth.

ABSTRACT: The relation between early and frequent alcohol use and later difficulties is quite strong. However, the degree that alcohol use persists, which is often a necessary cause for developing alcohol-related problems or an alcohol use disorder, is not well studied, particularly with attention to race and gender. A novel statistical approach, the Multi-facet Longitudinal Model, enables the concurrent study of age of initiation and persistence.The models were applied to longitudinal data on youth alcohol use from ages 12 through 19, collected in the (U.S.) National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 cohort (N=8984).Results confirmed that Black adolescents initiate alcohol use at later ages than do White youth. Further, after initiation, White adolescents were substantially more likely than Black adolescents to continue reporting alcohol use in subsequent years. Hispanic teens showed an intermediate pattern. Gender differences were more ambiguous, with a tendency for boys to be less likely to continue drinking after initiation than were girls.Novel findings from the new analytic models suggest differential implications of early alcohol use by race and gender. Early use of alcohol might be less consequential for males who initiate alcohol use early, Black, and Hispanic youth than for their female and White counterparts.

SUBMITTER: Malone PS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3258351 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Initiation and persistence of alcohol use in United States Black, Hispanic, and White male and female youth.

Malone Patrick S PS Northrup Thomas F TF Masyn Katherine E KE Lamis Dorian A DA Lamont Andrea E AE

Addictive behaviors 20111113 3

<h4>Background</h4>The relation between early and frequent alcohol use and later difficulties is quite strong. However, the degree that alcohol use persists, which is often a necessary cause for developing alcohol-related problems or an alcohol use disorder, is not well studied, particularly with attention to race and gender. A novel statistical approach, the Multi-facet Longitudinal Model, enables the concurrent study of age of initiation and persistence.<h4>Methods</h4>The models were applied ...[more]

PMID: 22136874

Similar Datasets

Project description:A dietary assessment instrument designed for use in a nationally representative pediatric population was required to examine associations between calcium intake and bone mineral accrual in a large, multicenter study.To determine the reproducibility and intermethod reliability of a youth calcium food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in a multiracial/ethnic sample of children and adolescents.Reproducibility (n=69) and intermethod reliability (n=393) studies were conducted by administering repeat FFQs and three unannounced 24-hour dietary recalls to stratified random samples of individuals participating in the Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study.Children and adolescents ages 5 to 21 years.Calcium intake estimated from the FFQ and 24-hour dietary recalls.Reproducibility was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Intermethod reliability was assessed by deattenuated Pearson correlations between the FFQ and 24-hour recalls. Attenuation factors and calibration corrected effect estimates for bone density were calculated to determine the potential influence of measurement error on associations with health outcomes.The ICC (0.61) for repeat administrations and deattenuated Pearson correlation between the FFQ and 24-hour recalls (r=0.60) for all subjects indicated reproducibility and intermethod reliability (Pearson r=0.50 to 0.74 across sex and age groups). Attenuation factors were ?0.50 for all sex and age groups and lower for non-Hispanic blacks (?=0.20) and Hispanics (?=0.26) than for non-Hispanic whites (?=0.42).The Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study calcium FFQ appears to provide a useful tool for assessing calcium intake in children and adolescents drawn from multiracial/ethnic populations and/or spanning a wide age range. However, similar to other FFQs, attenuation factors were substantially <1, indicating the potential for appreciable measurement error bias. Calibration correction should be performed and racial/ethnic differences in performance considered when analyzing and interpreting findings based on this instrument.

Project description:ObjectiveResearch suggests a difference in sweet taste perception between non-Hispanic black (NHB) and non-Hispanic white (NHW) adults; however, limited research has examined sweet taste perception in relation to the dietary intake of sweet products. The aim of this study was to examine sweet taste perception and the consumption of sweet foods, beverages, and sugar in NHB and NHW adults, and to evaluate whether sweet taste perception is associated with dietary intake.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined the association between race, sweet taste perception and sweet food, beverages, and sugar consumption in healthy, NHB and NHW adults. Seven day food records were analyzed in Nutrition Data System for Research software. Intensity of sweet taste perception was tested and the general labeled magnitude scale method was used to facilitate group comparisons. Independent t tests, Mann-Whitney tests, and Pearson correlations were used to assess associations.ResultsParticipants were NHB (n = 98) and NHW (n = 90) adults, 41 ± 1 y of age (mean ± SEM) with energy intake of 2271 ± 53 kcal. Body mass index was higher in NHBs than in NHWs (36 ± 1 versus 32 ± 1 kg/m2, P = 0.048), but no differences were observed in age, energy consumption, or total sugar intake. Sweet taste perception rating (median [interquartile range] NHB: 73.5 [63.9-83], NHW: 52.1 [46.4-57.7]; P = 0.001) and added sugar intake (NHB: 39.4 g/1000 kcal [36.3-42.4], NHW: 30 g/1000 kcal [26.7-33.4]; P < 0.001) were greater in NHB. Perceived sweet taste intensity was positively associated with consumption of servings of sweet products among NHBs (R2 = 0.057, P = 0.018) but not NHWs (R2 = -0.012, P = 0.314).ConclusionsNHBs have a higher intensity of sweet taste perception than NHWs. The positive association of sweet taste perception and sweet product consumption in NHBs suggests that a higher intensity of sweet taste perception may be associated with an increased proportion of energy consumption from added sugars.

Project description:ImportanceIn the US, dementia risk is higher in non-Hispanic Black individuals than in non-Hispanic White individuals. To evaluate progress toward reducing such disparities, tracking secular trends in racial disparities in dementia prevalence is essential.ObjectiveTo examine whether relative racial disparities in dementia prevalence or incidence have changed in the US from 2000 to 2016.Design, settings, and participantsThe Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a nationally representative study of adults 50 years or older. New participants are recruited every 6 years, and study visits occur biennially. Approximately 17 000 to 22 000 respondents have been surveyed at each wave since 2000, achieving response rates of 81% to 89%. Data for this cohort study were obtained from non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black participants aged 70 years and older from the 2000 to 2016 waves. For analyses of secular trends in racial disparities in dementia prevalence, each HRS wave was considered separately (range of participants meeting eligibility criteria in each wave, 6322-7579). For analyses of secular trends in racial disparities in dementia incidence, 7 subcohorts were created (range of participants meeting eligibility criteria in each subcohort, 5322-5961) following up people without dementia for 4 years from subcohort baseline visits in 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012. Data were analyzed from October 2019 to August 2020.ExposuresRace based on self-response to closed-ended survey questions.Main outcomes and measuresDementia status was determined using 3 algorithms with similar sensitivity and specificity across non-Hispanic White and Black participants. Disparities were characterized using ratio measures.ResultsIn this study, the mean age and percentage of male participants eligible for inclusion in analyses of racial disparities in dementia prevalence increased over time among non-Hispanic White participants (from 78.2 years and 40% in 2000 to 78.7 years and 44% in 2016) but remained steady in non-Hispanic Black participants during the same period (from 78.0 years and 37% in 2000 to 77.9 years and 38% in 2016). Prevalence ratios comparing Black and White participants ranged from approximately 1.5 to 1.9 across algorithms and years, whereas hazard ratios ranged from approximately 1.4 to 1.8. Although results suggest stable or declining dementia risk overall, there was no evidence suggesting change in relative racial disparities in dementia prevalence or incidence during follow-up.Conclusions and relevanceThis study did not find evidence to suggest that the ratio of dementia risk across Black and White individuals changed in the US between 2000 and 2016. Additional efforts to identify and mitigate the source of these disparities is warranted.

Dataset Information

Initiation and persistence of alcohol use in United States Black, Hispanic, and White male and female youth.

Publications

Initiation and persistence of alcohol use in United States Black, Hispanic, and White male and female youth.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets