Dataset Information

Responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is associated with salivary levels of two specific basic proline-rich proteins in humans.

ABSTRACT: Thiourea tasting can be predictive of individual differences in bitter taste responses, general food preferences and eating behavior, and could be correlated with saliva chemical composition. We investigated the possible relationship between PROP bitter taste responsiveness and the salivary proteome in subjects genotyped for TAS2R38 and gustin gene polymorphisms. Taste perception intensity evoked by PROP and NaCl solutions was measured in sixty-three volunteers (21 males, 42 females, age 25±3 y) to establish their PROP taster status, and 24 PROP super-tasters and 21 nontasters were selected to participate in the study. TAS2R38 and gustin gene molecular analysis were performed using PCR techniques. Qualitative and quantitative determination of salivary proteins was performed by HPLC-ESI-MS before and after PROP taste stimulation. PROP super-tastings was strongly associated with the 'taster' variant (PAV haplotype) of TAS2R38 and the A allele of rs2274333 polymorphism in the gustin gene and nontasting was associated with the minor alleles at both loci. ANOVA revealed that basal levels of II-2 and Ps-1 proteins, belonging to the basic proline-rich protein (bPRPs) family, were significantly higher in PROP super-taster than in nontaster un-stimulated saliva, and that PROP stimulation elicited a rapid increase in the levels of these same proteins only in PROP super-taster saliva. These data show for the first time that responsiveness to PROP is associated with salivary levels of II-2 peptide and Ps-1 protein, which are products of the PRB1 gene. These findings suggest that PRB1, in addition to TAS2R38 and gustin, could contribute to individual differences in thiourea sensitivity, and the expression of the PROP phenotype as a complex genetic trait.

SUBMITTER: Cabras T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3270025 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is associated with salivary levels of two specific basic proline-rich proteins in humans.

Cabras Tiziana T Melis Melania M Castagnola Massimo M Padiglia Alessandra A Tepper Beverly J BJ Messana Irene I Tomassini Barbarossa Iole I

PloS one 20120201 2

Thiourea tasting can be predictive of individual differences in bitter taste responses, general food preferences and eating behavior, and could be correlated with saliva chemical composition. We investigated the possible relationship between PROP bitter taste responsiveness and the salivary proteome in subjects genotyped for TAS2R38 and gustin gene polymorphisms. Taste perception intensity evoked by PROP and NaCl solutions was measured in sixty-three volunteers (21 males, 42 females, age 25±3 y) ...[more]

PMID: 22312435

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Project description:Due to the distinctive features of oral mucosa, determination of the proteins involved in the formation of “oral protein pellicle” is demanding. The present study investigated the susceptibility of several human basic proline-rich peptides (bPRPs) named P-H, P-D, P-F, P-J, and II-2 as substrates of transglutaminase-2. The reactivity of P-C peptide and statherin was also investigated. Peptides purified from human whole saliva were incubated at diverse temperatures with two different transglutaminases (type 2; guinea pig and human), in the presence or in the absence of monodansyl-cadaverine. High resolution HPLC-ESI-MS and MS/MS analyses of the reaction products highlighted that P-H, and P-D were active substrates of transglutaminase-2, II-2 was less reactive and the reactivity of P-F and P-J was negligible. All the peptides formed cyclo-derivatives, and only specific glutamine residues were involved in the cycle formation and reacted with monodansyl-cadaverine. Q29 for P-H, Q37 for P-D, and Q21 for II-2 were the principal reactive residues. One or two secondary glutamine residues were hierarchically susceptible to reaction with dansyl-cadaverine. The main consensus sequence recognized by transglutaminase-2 in basic proline-rich peptides was GNPQ, and, despite the great similarity of P-F and P-J with the other salivary peptides, their reactivity was negligible, probably because the GNPQ consensus sequence was missing in their sequence. The reactivity of P-D A32 variant was lower than that of P-D P32 peptide suggesting that the more rigid peptide structure was a better substrates for transglutaminase-2. The reactivity of P-C was high, but followed rules different from the other basic peptides under study, Q41 being the principal reactive residue, confirming that P-C is not strictly related to the basic proline-rich proteins. The reactivity of statherin was very high too, and the manual inspection of the MS/MS fragmentation patterns of the reaction products confirmed, as determined in previous studies, that Q37 is the pivotal residue, Q39 and Q40 the secondary residues recognized by transglutaminase-2. Moreover, Q39 and Q40 residues were more reactive in cyclo-statherin Q37 than in statherin, suggesting that cycle formation increases the reactivity of the secondary glutamine residues. Finally, the physiological temperature (37°C) was the best for the reaction and no significant qualitative differences were observed using human or guinea pig transglutaminase-2.

Dataset Information

Responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is associated with salivary levels of two specific basic proline-rich proteins in humans.

Publications

Responsiveness to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is associated with salivary levels of two specific basic proline-rich proteins in humans.

Similar Datasets

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