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Patterns of alcohol use and sexual behaviors among current drinkers in Cape Town, South Africa.

ABSTRACT: This study examined the association between alcohol use and sexual behaviors among South African adults who reported current drinking.Street-intercept surveys were administered to adults residing in neighborhoods in a South African township.Analyses were restricted to participants reporting current drinking (N=1285; mean age=32; 27% women; 98% Black). Most participants (60%) reported heavy episodic drinking (i.e., 5 or more drinks on a single occasion) at least once per week in the past 30 days. Compared to non-heavy episodic drinkers, participants who reported heavy episodic drinking were more likely to drink before sex (79% vs. 66%) and have sex with a partner who had been drinking (59% vs. 44%). Overall, drinking before sex (self or partner) and heavy episodic drinking was associated with multiple sexual partners, discussing condom use with sexual partner(s), and proportion of protected sex. The frequency of condom use varied among participants with steady, casual, or both steady and casual sexual partners.Alcohol use among South African adults is associated with sexual risk behaviors, but this association differs by partner type. Findings suggest the need to strengthen alcohol use components in sexual risk reduction interventions especially for participants with both steady and casual sex partners.

SUBMITTER: Scott-Sheldon LA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3288671 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Patterns of alcohol use and sexual behaviors among current drinkers in Cape Town, South Africa.

Scott-Sheldon Lori A J LA Carey Michael P MP Carey Kate B KB Cain Demetria D Harel Ofer O Mehlomakulu Vuyelwa V Mwaba Kelvin K Simbayi Leickness C LC Kalichman Seth C SC

Addictive behaviors 20120111 4

<h4>Objective</h4>This study examined the association between alcohol use and sexual behaviors among South African adults who reported current drinking.<h4>Method</h4>Street-intercept surveys were administered to adults residing in neighborhoods in a South African township.<h4>Results</h4>Analyses were restricted to participants reporting current drinking (N=1285; mean age=32; 27% women; 98% Black). Most participants (60%) reported heavy episodic drinking (i.e., 5 or more drinks on a single occa ...[more]

PMID: 22273585

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Project description:BackgroundInfants born HIV-exposed yet remain uninfected (HEU) are at increased risk of poorer growth and health compared to infants born HIV-unexposed (HU). Whether maternal antiretroviral treatment (ART) in pregnancy ameliorates this risk of poorer growth is not well understood. Furthermore, whether risks are similar across high burden HIV settings has not been extensively explored.MethodsWe harmonized data from two prospective observational studies conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, and Lusaka, Zambia, to compare weight-for-age (WAZ), length-for-age (LAZ) and weight-for-length (WLZ) Z-scores between infants who were HEU and HU, converting infant anthropometric measures using World Health Organisation Growth Standards adjusted for age and sex. Linear mixed effects models were fit to identify risk factors for differences in anthropometrics at 6-10 weeks and 6 months by infant HIV exposures status and by timing of exposure to maternal ART, either from conception or later in gestation.ResultsOverall 773 mother-infant pairs were included across two countries: women living with HIV (WLHIV), 51% (n = 395) with 65% on ART at conception and 35% initiating treatment in pregnancy. In linear mixed effects models, WAZ and WLZ at 6-10 weeks were lower among infants who were HEU vs HU [β = - 0.29 (95% CI: - 0.46, - 0.12) and [β = - 0.42 (95% CI: - 0.68, - 0.16)] respectively after adjusting for maternal characteristics and infant feeding with a random intercept for country. At 6 months, LAZ was lower [β = - 0.28 CI: - 0.50, - 0.06)] among infants who were HEU, adjusting for the same variables, with no differences in WAZ and WLZ. Within cohort evaluations identified different results with higher LAZ among infants who were HEU from Zambia at 6-10 weeks, [β = + 0.34 CI: + 0.01, + 0.68)] and lower LAZ among infants who were HEU from South Africa [β = - 0.30 CI: - 0.59, - 0.01)] at 6 months, without other anthropometric differences at either site.ConclusionInfant growth trajectories differed by country, highlighting the importance of studying contextual influences on outcomes of infants who were HEU.

Dataset Information

Patterns of alcohol use and sexual behaviors among current drinkers in Cape Town, South Africa.

Publications

Patterns of alcohol use and sexual behaviors among current drinkers in Cape Town, South Africa.

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