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Identification of cortical lamination in awake monkeys by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

ABSTRACT: Brodmann divided the neocortex into 47 different cortical areas based on histological differences in laminar myeloarchitectonic and cytoarchitectonic defined structure. The ability to do so in vivo with anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) methods in awake subjects would be extremely advantageous for many functional studies. However, due to the limitations of spatial resolution and contrast, this has been difficult to achieve in awake subjects. Here, we report that by using a combination of MR microscopy and novel contrast effects, cortical layers can be delineated in the visual cortex of awake subjects (nonhuman primates) at 4.7 T. We obtained data from 30-min acquisitions at voxel size of 62.5 × 62.5 × 1000 ?m(3) (4 nl). Both the phase and magnitude components of the T(2)*-weighted image were used to generate laminar profiles which are believed to reflect variations in myelin and local cell density content across cortical depth. Based on this, we were able to identify six layers characteristic of the striate cortex (V1). These were the stripe of Kaes-Bechterew (in layer II/III), the stripe of Gennari (in layer IV), the inner band of Baillarger (in layer V), as well as three sub-layers within layer IV (IVa, IVb, and IVc). Furthermore, we found that the laminar structure of two extrastriate visual cortex (V2, V4) can also be detected. Following the tradition of Brodmann, this significant improvement in cortical laminar visualization should make it possible to discriminate cortical regions in awake subjects corresponding to differences in myeloarchitecture and cytoarchitecture.

SUBMITTER: Chen G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3288753 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of cortical lamination in awake monkeys by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

Chen Gang G Wang Feng F Gore John C JC Roe Anna W AW

NeuroImage 20111103 4

Brodmann divided the neocortex into 47 different cortical areas based on histological differences in laminar myeloarchitectonic and cytoarchitectonic defined structure. The ability to do so in vivo with anatomical magnetic resonance (MR) methods in awake subjects would be extremely advantageous for many functional studies. However, due to the limitations of spatial resolution and contrast, this has been difficult to achieve in awake subjects. Here, we report that by using a combination of MR mic ...[more]

PMID: 22080152

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Project description:BackgroundIntracranial artery dissection (IAD) often causes headache and cerebral vascular ischemic events. The imaging characteristics of IAD remain unclear. This study aims to characterize the appearance of culprit and non-culprit IAD using high-resolution cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (hrCMR) and quantify the incremental value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions.MethodsImaging data from patients who underwent intervention examination or treatment using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and hrCMR using a 3 T CMR system within 30 days after the onset of neurological symptoms were collected. The CMR protocol included diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), black blood T1-, T2- and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. Lesions were classified as culprit and non-culprit according to imaging findings and patient clinical presentations. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the difference between culprit and non-culprit lesions and complementary value of hrCMR in identifying higher risk lesions.ResultsIn total, 75 patients were included in this study. According to the morphology, lesions could be classified into five types: Type I, classical dissection (n = 50); Type II, fusiform aneurysm (n = 1); Type III, long dissected aneurysm (n = 3); Type IV, dolichoectatic dissecting aneurysm (n = 9) and Type V, saccular aneurysm (n = 12). Regression analyses showed that age and hypertension were both associated with culprit lesions (age: OR, 0.83; 95% CI 0.75-0.92; p < 0.001 and hypertension: OR, 66.62; 95% CI 5.91-751.11; p = 0.001). Hematoma identified by hrCMR was significantly associated with culprit lesions (OR, 16.80; 95% CI 1.01-280.81; p = 0.037). Moreover, 17 cases (16 lesions were judged to be culprit) were diagnosed as IAD but not visible in DSA and 15 were Type I lesion.ConclusionhrCMR is helpful in visualizing and characterizing IAD. It provides a significant complementary value over DSA for the diagnosis of IAD.

Dataset Information

Identification of cortical lamination in awake monkeys by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

Publications

Identification of cortical lamination in awake monkeys by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.

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