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Direct interaction of the N-terminal domain of ribosomal protein S1 with protein S2 in Escherichia coli.

ABSTRACT: Despite of the high resolution structure available for the E. coli ribosome, hitherto the structure and localization of the essential ribosomal protein S1 on the 30 S subunit still remains to be elucidated. It was previously reported that protein S1 binds to the ribosome via protein-protein interaction at the two N-terminal domains. Moreover, protein S2 was shown to be required for binding of protein S1 to the ribosome. Here, we present evidence that the N-terminal domain of S1 (amino acids 1-106; S1(106)) is necessary and sufficient for the interaction with protein S2 as well as for ribosome binding. We show that over production of protein S1(106) affects E. coli growth by displacing native protein S1 from its binding pocket on the ribosome. In addition, our data reveal that the coiled-coil domain of protein S2 (S2?(2)) is sufficient to allow protein S1 to bind to the ribosome. Taken together, these data uncover the crucial elements required for the S1/S2 interaction, which is pivotal for translation initiation on canonical mRNAs in gram-negative bacteria. The results are discussed in terms of a model wherein the S1/S2 interaction surface could represent a possible target to modulate the selectivity of the translational machinery and thereby alter the translational program under distinct conditions.

SUBMITTER: Byrgazov K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3296737 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Direct interaction of the N-terminal domain of ribosomal protein S1 with protein S2 in Escherichia coli.

Byrgazov Konstantin K Manoharadas Salim S Kaberdina Anna C AC Vesper Oliver O Moll Isabella I

PloS one 20120307 3

Despite of the high resolution structure available for the E. coli ribosome, hitherto the structure and localization of the essential ribosomal protein S1 on the 30 S subunit still remains to be elucidated. It was previously reported that protein S1 binds to the ribosome via protein-protein interaction at the two N-terminal domains. Moreover, protein S2 was shown to be required for binding of protein S1 to the ribosome. Here, we present evidence that the N-terminal domain of S1 (amino acids 1-10 ...[more]

PMID: 22412910

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Project description:Escherichia coli ribosomal protein (r-protein) L4 has extraribosomal biological functions. Previously, we described L4 as inhibiting RNase E activity through protein-protein interactions. Here, we report that from stabilized transcripts regulated by L4-RNase E, mRNA levels of tnaA (encoding tryptophanase from the tnaCAB operon) increased upon ectopic L4 expression, whereas TnaA protein levels decreased. However, at nonpermissive temperatures (to inactivate RNase E), tnaA mRNA and protein levels both increased in an rne temperature-sensitive [rne(Ts)] mutant strain. Thus, L4 protein fine-tunes TnaA protein levels independently of its inhibition of RNase E. We demonstrate that ectopically expressed L4 binds with transcribed spacer RNA between tnaC and tnaA and downregulates TnaA translation. We found that deletion of the 5' or 3' half of the spacer compared to the wild type resulted in a similar reduction in TnaA translation in the presence of L4. In vitro binding of L4 to the tnaC-tnaA transcribed spacer RNA results in changes to its secondary structure. We reveal that during early stationary-phase bacterial growth, steady-state levels of tnaA mRNA increased but TnaA protein levels decreased. We further confirm that endogenous L4 binds to tnaC-tnaA transcribed spacer RNA in cells at early stationary phase. Our results reveal the novel function of L4 in fine-tuning TnaA protein levels during cell growth and demonstrate that r-protein L4 acts as a translation regulator outside the ribosome and its own operon.IMPORTANCE Some ribosomal proteins have extraribosomal functions in addition to ribosome translation function. The extraribosomal functions of several r-proteins control operon expression by binding to own-operon transcripts. Previously, we discovered a posttranscriptional, RNase E-dependent regulatory role for r-protein L4 in the stabilization of stress-responsive transcripts. Here, we found an additional extraribosomal function for L4 in regulating the tna operon by L4-intergenic spacer mRNA interactions. L4 binds to the transcribed spacer RNA between tnaC and tnaA and alters the structural conformation of the spacer RNA, thereby reducing the translation of TnaA. Our study establishes a previously unknown L4-mediated mechanism for regulating gene expression, suggesting that bacterial cells have multiple strategies for controlling levels of tryptophanase in response to varied cell growth conditions.

Dataset Information

Direct interaction of the N-terminal domain of ribosomal protein S1 with protein S2 in Escherichia coli.

Publications

Direct interaction of the N-terminal domain of ribosomal protein S1 with protein S2 in Escherichia coli.

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