Dataset Information

Working memory processing of traumatic material in women with posttraumatic stress disorder.

ABSTRACT: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with medial frontal and amygdala functional alterations during the processing of traumatic material and frontoparietal dysfunctions during working memory tasks. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the effects of trauma-related words processing on working memory in patients with PTSD.We obtained fMRI scans during a 3-back task and an identity task on both neutral and trauma-related words in women with PTSD who had been sexually abused and in healthy, nonexposed pair-matched controls.Seventeen women with PTSD and 17 controls participated in the study. We found no behavioural working memory deficit for the PTSD group. In both tasks, deactivation of posterior parietal midline regions was more pronounced in patients than controls. Additionally, patients with PTSD recruited the left dorsolateral frontal sites to a greater extent during the processing of trauma-related material than neutral material.This study included only women and did not include a trauma-exposed non-PTSD control group; the results may, therefore, have been influenced by sex or by effects specific to trauma exposure.Our results broadly confirm frontal and parietal functional variations in women with PTSD and suggest a compensatory nature of these variations with regard to the retreival of traumatic memories and global attentional deficits, respectively, during cognitively challenging tasks.

SUBMITTER: Landre L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3297067 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Working memory processing of traumatic material in women with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Landré Lionel L Destrieux Christophe C Andersson Frédéric F Barantin Laurent L Quidé Yann Y Tapia Géraldine G Jaafari Nematollah N Clarys David D Gaillard Philippe P Isingrini Michel M El-Hage Wissam W

Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN 20120201 2

<h4>Background</h4>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with medial frontal and amygdala functional alterations during the processing of traumatic material and frontoparietal dysfunctions during working memory tasks. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the effects of trauma-related words processing on working memory in patients with PTSD.<h4>Methods</h4>We obtained fMRI scans during a 3-back task and an identity task on both neutral and trauma-relat ...[more]

PMID: 21971161

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Project description:Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) indicates a chronic stress reaction in response to trauma. This prevalent condition has been identified as a possible risk factor for obesity. Whether PTSD symptoms alter the trajectory of weight gain or constitute a comorbid condition has not been established.To determine whether women who develop PTSD symptoms are subsequently more likely to gain weight and become obese relative to trauma-exposed women who do not develop PTSD symptoms or women with no trauma exposure or PTSD symptoms and whether the effects are independent of depression.The Nurses' Health Study II, a prospective observational study initiated in 1989 with follow-up to 2005, using a PTSD screener to measure PTSD symptoms and time of onset. We included the subsample of the Nurses' Health Study II (54 224 participants; ages 24-44 years in 1989) in whom trauma and PTSD symptoms were measured.Trauma and PTSD symptoms.Development of overweight and obesity using body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) cut points 25.0 and 30.0, respectively; change in BMI during follow-up among women reporting PTSD symptom onset before 1989; and BMI trajectory before and after PTSD symptom onset among women who developed PTSD symptoms in 1989 or during follow-up.Among women with at least 4 PTSD symptoms before 1989 (cohort initiation), BMI increased more steeply (b?=?0.09 [SE?=?0.01]; P?<?.001) during the follow-up. Among women who developed PTSD symptoms in 1989 or later, BMI trajectory did not differ by PTSD status before PTSD onset. After PTSD symptom onset, women with at least 4 symptoms had a faster rise in BMI (b?=?0.08 [SE?=?0.02]; P?<?.001). The onset of at least 4 PTSD symptoms in 1989 or later was also associated with an increased risk of becoming overweight or obese (odds ratio, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.19-1.56]) among women with a normal BMI in 1989. Effects were maintained after adjusting for depression.Experience of PTSD symptoms is associated with an increased risk of becoming overweight or obese, and PTSD symptom onset alters BMI trajectories over time. The presence of PTSD symptoms should raise clinician concerns about physical health problems that may develop and prompt closer attention to weight status.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Psychophysiological alterations such as elevated baseline levels and hyperresponsivity in cardiac, electrodermal, and facial muscle activity have been observed in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There are only few, inconclusive studies investigating psychophysiological responses in children and adolescents with PTSD. OBJECTIVE:This cross-sectional study sought to examine if autonomic variables, facial electromyography (EMG), and self-reported anxiety at baseline, while listening to neutral and idiosyncratic trauma scripts, differ between minors with a trauma history and PTSD, and a traumatized control (TC) group without PTSD. A better understanding of psychophysiological reactions in trauma-exposed children and adolescents could improve differential assessment and treatment decisions. METHOD:PTSD was assessed using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents in 6- to 17-year-old trauma-exposed children, resulting in a group with PTSD according to DSM-IV (n=16) and a TC group without PTSD (n=18). Facial EMG, (para-)sympathetic measures (heart rate, electrodermal activity, respiratory sinus arrhythmia), and self-reported anxiety were measured during 5-min baseline, 3-min neutral script, and 3-min idiosyncratic trauma script. Baseline, reactivity (trauma minus baseline), and script contrast (trauma minus neutral) were analyzed by multivariate analyses of variance. RESULTS:Children and adolescents with PTSD reported more anxiety compared to TC for baseline, reactivity, and script contrast (ps<0.021, ds>0.59), and showed elevated corrugator supercilii muscle activity for script contrast (p<0.05, d=0.79). No group differences emerged for sympathetic or parasympathetic measures. CONCLUSIONS:Children and adolescents with PTSD experienced elevated anxiety at baseline and elevated anxiety and facial corrugator muscle response to an idiosyncratic trauma narrative. Autonomic hyperreactivity, typical for adult PTSD samples, did not figure prominently.

Dataset Information

Working memory processing of traumatic material in women with posttraumatic stress disorder.

Publications

Working memory processing of traumatic material in women with posttraumatic stress disorder.

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