Dataset Information

Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Oligotrichea): phylogenetic position inferred from morphology, ontogenesis, and gene sequence data.

ABSTRACT: Morphological data from life, protargol impregnation, and scanning electron microscopy were combined with genetic data not only to describe the marine plankton ciliates Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) Petz, Song, and Wilbert, 1995 and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec., but also to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, the ontogenesis of P. neptuni was studied and the diagnosis of the genus Pelagostrobilidium was improved due to further data from the newly affiliated species P. epacrum (Lynn and Montagnes, 1988) nov. comb. (basionym: Strobilidium epacrum Lynn and Montagnes, 1988). The phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit ribosomal RNA genes matched the morphologic and ontogenetic assigning of P. neptuni to the choreotrichid family Strobilidiidae. The considerable genetic distance of d = 0.074 between P. neptuni and Strobilidium caudatum corroborated the morphological differences and thus the maintenance of the genus Pelagostrobilidium. Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec. is a typical member of the genus, except for the two types of extrusomes ("trichites"): ~12 × 0.5 ?m, needle-shaped ones attached anterior to the girdle kinety and ~6 × 0.5 ?m, rod-shaped ones at the distal end of the intermembranellar ridges. Its flask-shaped resting cysts have several strong spines. In accordance with the morphologic data, S. biarmatum is placed within the order Oligotrichida by gene sequence analysis. The great genetic distances within the oligotrichids support the diversity found in morphologic and ontogenetic studies.

SUBMITTER: Agatha S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3303134 | biostudies-literature | 2005 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Oligotrichea): phylogenetic position inferred from morphology, ontogenesis, and gene sequence data.

Agatha Sabine S Strüder-Kypke Michaela C MC Beran Alfred A Lynn Denis H DH

European journal of protistology 20050301 1

Morphological data from life, protargol impregnation, and scanning electron microscopy were combined with genetic data not only to describe the marine plankton ciliates Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) Petz, Song, and Wilbert, 1995 and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec., but also to elucidate their phylogenetic relationships. Additionally, the ontogenesis of P. neptuni was studied and the diagnosis of the genus Pelagostrobilidium was improved due to further data from the new ...[more]

PMID: 22427721

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Project description:Neokeronopsis (Afrokeronopsis) aurea nov. subgen., nov. spec. was discovered in soil from the floodplain of a small river in the Krueger National Park, Republic of South Africa. Its morphology, ontogenesis, and 18S rDNA were studied with standard methods. Furthermore, we supplemented the data on N. (N.) spectabilis by reinvestigating the preparations deposited in the British Museum of Natural History. Neokeronopsis (Afrokeronopsis) aurea is a very conspicuous ciliate because it has an average size of 330 × 120 μm and is golden yellow due to the orange-coloured cytoplasm and citrine cortical granules. Further main characteristics include the semirigid body; the urostylid cirral pattern with a distinct corona of frontal and pseudobuccal cirri both originating from the midventral rows; multiple anterior fragmentation of dorsal kineties 1-3; multiple posterior fragmentation of kinety 3, commencing with an unique whirl of kinetofragments; three caudal cirri; an oxytrichid/cyrtohymenid oral apparatus with polystichad paroral membrane and buccal depression; a single oral primordium developing along the transverse cirral row; and an oxytrichid 18S rDNA. These peculiarities are used to establish the new oxytrichid family Neokeronopsidae, the new subgenus Afrokeronopsis, and the new species N. (A.) aurea. Further, these features confirm the CEUU hypothesis, i.e., convergent evolution of a midventral cirral pattern in urostylid and oxytrichid hypotrichs; additionally, N. (A.) aurea is the first (semi)rigid hypotrich with cortical granules and the second one with midventral rows, breaking the granule and flexibility dogmas. These and other observations show that the phylogeny of the hypotrichs is full of convergences. Thus, only a combined effort of classical and molecular phylogeneticists will provide the data needed for a natural classification. Based on the CEUU hypothesis, the molecular data, and literature evidence, we suggest that midventral oxytrichids should be ranked as distinct families; accordingly, we establish a further new family, the Uroleptidae, which forms a distinct clade within the oxytrichid molecular trees. Neokeronopsis is possibly related to Pattersoniella because it has the same special mode of forming the buccal cirri and possesses a buccal depression found also in Steinia, a close relative of Pattersoniella. The large size and conspicuous colour make N. (A.) aurea a biogeographic flagship possibly confined to Africa or Gondwana, while Neokeronopsis (N.) spectabilis (Kahl, 1932) is an Eurasian flagship.

Dataset Information

Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Oligotrichea): phylogenetic position inferred from morphology, ontogenesis, and gene sequence data.

Publications

Pelagostrobilidium neptuni (Montagnes and Taylor, 1994) and Strombidium biarmatum nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Oligotrichea): phylogenetic position inferred from morphology, ontogenesis, and gene sequence data.

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