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The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in improving occupational functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder.

ABSTRACT: Recent studies demonstrate the poor psychosocial outcomes associated with bipolar disorder. Occupational functioning, a key indicator of psychosocial disability, is often severely affected by the disorder. The authors describe the effect of acute treatment with interpersonal and social rhythm therapy on occupational functioning over a period of approximately 2.5 years.Patients with bipolar I disorder were randomly assigned to receive either acute and maintenance interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, acute and maintenance intensive clinical management, acute interpersonal and social rhythm therapy and maintenance intensive clinical management, or acute intensive clinical management and maintenance interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, all with appropriate pharmacotherapy. Occupational functioning was measured with the UCLA Social Attainment Scale at baseline, at the end of acute treatment, and after 1 and 2 years of maintenance treatment.The main effect of treatment did not reach conventional levels of statistical significance; however, the authors observed a significant time by initial treatment interaction. Participants initially assigned to interpersonal and social rhythm therapy showed more rapid improvement in occupational functioning than those initially assigned to intensive clinical management, primarily accounted for by greater improvement in occupational functioning during the acute treatment phase. At the end of 2 years of maintenance treatment, there were no differences between the treatment groups. A gender effect was also observed, with women who initially received interpersonal and social rhythm therapy showing more marked and rapid improvement. There was no effect of maintenance treatment assignment on occupational functioning outcomes.In this study, interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, with its emphasis on amelioration of interpersonal and role functioning, improved occupational functioning significantly more rapidly than did a psychoeducational and supportive approach with no such emphasis on functional capacities.

SUBMITTER: Frank E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3308335 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in improving occupational functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder.

Frank Ellen E Soreca Isabella I Swartz Holly A HA Fagiolini Andrea M AM Mallinger Alan G AG Thase Michael E ME Grochocinski Victoria J VJ Houck Patricia R PR Kupfer David J DJ

The American journal of psychiatry 20081001 12

<h4>Objective</h4>Recent studies demonstrate the poor psychosocial outcomes associated with bipolar disorder. Occupational functioning, a key indicator of psychosocial disability, is often severely affected by the disorder. The authors describe the effect of acute treatment with interpersonal and social rhythm therapy on occupational functioning over a period of approximately 2.5 years.<h4>Method</h4>Patients with bipolar I disorder were randomly assigned to receive either acute and maintenance ...[more]

PMID: 18829872

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To conduct a pilot randomized trial of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy plus Data-Informed Referral (IPSRT?+?DIR) versus DIR-alone for adolescents at-risk for bipolar disorder (BP). METHOD:Eligible participants included youth (12-18) with a BP parent; youth with BP were excluded. Participants (n?=?42) were randomized to receive IPSRT?+?DIR to treat any psychiatric disorders present at baseline, or DIR-alone. A blind evaluator assessed outcomes at baseline, 3- and 6-months. Participants wore an actigraph to measure sleep/wake patterns for 7 days at baseline and 6-months. Primary outcomes included mood and non-mood symptoms and sleep disturbance. RESULTS:Youth randomized to IPSRT?+?DIR attended approximately half of scheduled IPSRT sessions. Although 33% of DIR-alone youth were referred for mental health services at intake (another 33% were already engaged in services), none initiated new services over follow-up. No youth developed new-onset mood disorder over follow-up. Self- and parent-reported mood and non-mood psychiatric symptoms did not distinguish the groups, although youth in DIR-alone tended to have higher baseline scores on most measures. Per clinician ratings, 1 youth receiving IPSRT?+?DIR displayed subthreshold hypo/manic symptoms, versus 2 receiving DIR-alone (OR?=?14.7, p?=?0.03), possibly signaling less subthreshold hypo/manic symptoms, and for fewer weeks (?2?=?11.06, p?=?0.0009), over 6-months with IPSRT?+?DIR. We found a small effect for youth in the IPSRT?+?DIR group to evidence more WASO at pre-treatment, but less at follow-up (cohen's d?=?0.28). LIMITATIONS:Small sample size limits statistical power, and we are unable to definitively attribute group differences to IPSRT versus greater clinical contact. Ability to examine distal/rare (i.e., BP onset) outcomes was limited. CONCLUSIONS:Adolescents at-risk for BP present challenges to psychosocial treatment engagement and retention. IPSRT merits further study as an acceptable intervention for at-risk youth, though necessary frequency and intensity to affect outcomes should be examined. The potential to delay or prevent subthreshold hypo/manic symptoms via enhanced sleep continuity is an area for further examination. Future studies with larger samples and extended follow-up can help determine whether IPSRT may delay or prevent syndromal hypo/mania in youth at-risk.

Project description:Individuals with mood disorders frequently experience cognitive impairment, which impacts on the long-term trajectory of the disorders, including being associated with persisting difficulties in occupational and psychosocial functioning, residual mood symptoms, and relapse. Current first-line treatments for mood disorders do little to improve cognitive function. Targeting cognition in clinical research is thus considered a priority. This protocol outlines a prospectively-registered randomised controlled trial (RCT) which examines the impact of adding group-based Cognitive Remediation (CR) to Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT-CR) for individuals with mood disorders. This is a pragmatic, two-arm, single-blinded RCT comparing IPSRT-CR with IPSRT alone for adults (n = 100) with mood disorders (Major Depressive Disorder or Bipolar Disorder) with subjective cognitive difficulties, on discharge from Specialist Mental Health Services in Christchurch, New Zealand. Both treatment arms will receive a 12-month course of individual IPSRT (full dose = 24 sessions). At 6 months, randomisation to receive, or not, an 8-week group-based CR programme (Action-based Cognitive Remediation - New Zealand) will occur. The primary outcome will be change in Global Cognition between 6 and 12 months (treatment-end) in IPSRT-CR versus IPSRT alone. Secondary outcomes will be change in cognitive, functional, and mood outcomes at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months from baseline and exploratory outcomes include change in quality of life, medication adherence, rumination, and inflammatory markers between treatment arms. Outcome analyses will use an intention-to-treat approach. Sub-group analyses will assess the impact of baseline features on CR treatment response. Participants' experiences of their mood disorder, including treatment, will be examined using qualitative analysis. This will be the first RCT to combine group-based CR with an evidence-based psychotherapy for adults with mood disorders. The trial may provide valuable information regarding how we can help promote long-term recovery from mood disorders. Many issues have been considered in developing this protocol, including: recruitment of the spectrum of mood disorders, screening for cognitive impairment, dose and timing of the CR intervention, choice of comparator treatment, and choice of outcome measures. Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619001080112 . Registered on 6 August 2019.

Dataset Information

The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in improving occupational functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder.

Publications

The role of interpersonal and social rhythm therapy in improving occupational functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder.

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