Dataset Information

Spatiotemporal variation of leaf epidermal cell growth: a quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants.

ABSTRACT:

Background and aims

The epidermis of an expanding dicot leaf is a mosaic of cells differing in identity, size and differentiation stage. Here hypotheses are tested that in such a cell mosaic growth is heterogeneous and changes with time, and that this heterogeneity is not dependent on the cell cycle regulation per se.

Methods

Shape, size and growth of individual cells were followed with the aid of sequential replicas in expanding leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants, and combined with ploidy estimation using epi-fluorescence microscopy.

Key results

Relative growth rates in area of individual epidermal cells or small cell groups differ several fold from those of adjacent cells, and change in time. This spatial and temporal variation is not related to the size of either the cell or the nucleus. Shape changes and growth within an individual cell are also heterogeneous: anticlinal wall waviness appears at different times in different wall portions; portions of the cell periphery in contact with different neighbours grow with different rates. This variation is not related to cell growth anisotropy. The heterogeneity is typical for both the wild type and cycD3.

Conclusions

Growth of leaf epidermis exhibits spatiotemporal variability.

SUBMITTER: Elsner J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3310487 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Spatiotemporal variation of leaf epidermal cell growth: a quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants.

Elsner Joanna J Michalski Marek M Kwiatkowska Dorota D

Annals of botany 20120202 5

<h4>Background and aims</h4>The epidermis of an expanding dicot leaf is a mosaic of cells differing in identity, size and differentiation stage. Here hypotheses are tested that in such a cell mosaic growth is heterogeneous and changes with time, and that this heterogeneity is not dependent on the cell cycle regulation per se.<h4>Methods</h4>Shape, size and growth of individual cells were followed with the aid of sequential replicas in expanding leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and triple ...[more]

PMID: 22307569

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Project description:BackgroundStromules are dynamic tubular structures emerging from the surface of plastids that are filled with stroma. Despite considerable progress in understanding the importance of certain cytoskeleton elements and motor proteins for stromule maintenance, their function within the plant cell is still unknown. It has been suggested that stromules facilitate the exchange of metabolites and/or signals between plastids and other cell compartments by increasing the cytosolically exposed plastid surface area but experimental evidence for the involvement of stromules in metabolic processes is not available. The frequent occurrence of stromules in both sink tissues and heterotrophic cell cultures suggests that the presence of carbohydrates in the extracellular space is a possible trigger of stromule formation. We have examined this hypothesis with induction experiments using the upper epidermis from rosette leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system.ResultsWe found that the stromule frequency rises significantly if either sucrose or glucose is applied to the apoplast by vacuum infiltration. In contrast, neither fructose nor sorbitol or mannitol are capable of inducing stromule formation which rules out the hypothesis that stromule induction is merely the result of changes in the osmotic conditions. Stromule formation depends on translational activity in the cytosol, whereas protein synthesis within the plastids is not required. Lastly, stromule induction is not restricted to the plastids of the upper epidermis but is similarly observed also with chloroplasts of the palisade parenchyma.ConclusionsThe establishment of an experimental system allowing the reproducible induction of stromules by vacuum infiltration of leaf tissue provides a suitable tool for the systematic analysis of conditions and requirements leading to the formation of these dynamic organelle structures. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated here by analyzing the influence of apoplastic sugar solutions on stromule formation. We found that only a subset of sugars generated in the primary metabolism of plants induce stromule formation, which is furthermore dependent on cytosolic translational activity. This suggests regulation of stromule formation by sugar sensing mechanisms and a possible role of stromules in carbohydrate metabolism and metabolite exchange.

Dataset Information

Spatiotemporal variation of leaf epidermal cell growth: a quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants.

Background and aims

Methods

Key results

Conclusions

Publications

Spatiotemporal variation of leaf epidermal cell growth: a quantitative analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type and triple cyclinD3 mutant plants.

Similar Datasets

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