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A.actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease promotes systemic and local responses in rat periodontium.

ABSTRACT: To characterize the histologic and cellular response to A. actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) infection.Wistar rats infected with Aa were evaluated for antibody response, oral Aa colonization, loss of attachment, PMN recruitment, TNF-? in the junctional epithelium and connective tissue, osteoclasts and adaptive immune response in local lymph nodes at baseline and 4, 5 or 6 weeks after infection. Some groups were given antibacterial treatment at 4 weeks.An antibody response against Aa occurred within 4 weeks of infection, and 78% of inoculated rats had detectable Aa in the oral cavity (p < 0.05). Aa infection significantly increased loss of attachment that was reversed by antibacterial treatment (p < 0.05). TNF-? expression in the junctional epithelium followed the same pattern. Aa stimulated high osteoclast formation and TNF-? expression in the connective tissue (p < 0.05). PMN recruitment significantly increased after Aa infection (p < 0.05). Aa also increased the number of CD8(+) T cells (p < 0.05), but not CD4(+) T cells or regulatory T cells (Tregs) (p > 0.05).Aa infection stimulated a local response that increased numbers of PMNs and TNF-? expression in the junctional epithelium and loss of attachment. Both TNF-? expression in JE and loss of attachment was reversed by antibiotic treatment. Aa infection also increased TNF-? in the connective tissue, osteoclast numbers and CD8(+) T cells in lymph nodes. The results link Aa infection with important characteristics of periodontal destruction.

SUBMITTER: Bezerra Bde B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3330439 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A.actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease promotes systemic and local responses in rat periodontium.

Bezerra Beatriz de Brito Bde B Andriankaja Oelisoa O Kang Jun J Pacios Sandra S Bae Hyung Jin HJ Li Yu Y Tsiagbe Vincent V Schreiner Helen H Fine Daniel H DH Graves Dana T DT

Journal of clinical periodontology 20120207 4

<h4>Aim</h4>To characterize the histologic and cellular response to A. actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) infection.<h4>Material & methods</h4>Wistar rats infected with Aa were evaluated for antibody response, oral Aa colonization, loss of attachment, PMN recruitment, TNF-α in the junctional epithelium and connective tissue, osteoclasts and adaptive immune response in local lymph nodes at baseline and 4, 5 or 6 weeks after infection. Some groups were given antibacterial treatment at 4 weeks.<h4>Results< ...[more]

PMID: 22313458

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Project description:Bacterial invasion of the periodontal tissues has been suggested as a relevant step in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. However, its exact importance remains to be defined. The present systematic review assessed the scientific evidence concerning the relationship between the quality or quantity of periodontal microbiota in periodontal tissues and development of periodontal disease. The databases Medline-PubMed, Cochrane-CENTRAL, ISI Web of Knowledge and SCOPUS were searched, up to January 2014. Studies that reported evaluation of periodontal pathogens invasion on human tissues were selected. The screening of 440 title/abstracts elected 26 papers for full-text reading. Twenty three papers were subsequently excluded because of insufficient data or a study protocol not related to the objectives of this systematic review. All included studies were case-control studies that evaluated intracellular or adherent bacteria to epithelial cells from periodontal pockets versus healthy sulci. Study protocols presented heterogeneity regarding case and control definitions and methodological approaches for microbial identification. No consistent significant differences were found related to the presence/absence or proportion of specific periopathogens across the studies, as only one study found statistically significant differences regarding the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.043), T. forsythia (P < 0.001), P. intermedia (P < 0.001), C. ochracea (P < 0.001) and C. rectus (P = 0.003) in epithelial cells from periodontal pockets vs. healthy sulci. All studies reported a larger unspecific bacterial load in or on the epithelial cells taken from a diseased site compared to a healthy sulcus. The current available data is of low to moderate quality and inconsistent mainly due to study design, poor reporting and methodological diversity. As so, there is insufficient evidence to support or exclude the invasion by periodontal pathogens as a key step in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease. Further research is needed.

Project description:The long-term stability and qualitative characteristics of periodontium regenerated by FGF-2 treatment were compared with normal physiological healing tissue controls in a Beagle dog 2-wall periodontal defect model 13 months after treatment by assessing tissue histology and three-dimensional microstructure using micro-computed tomography (μCT). After FGF-2 (0.3%) or vehicle treatment at the defect sites, serial changes in the bone mineral content (BMC) were observed using periodic X-ray imaging. Tissues were harvested at 13 months, evaluated histomorphometrically, and the cortical bone volume and trabecular bone structure of the newly formed bone were analyzed using μCT. FGF-2 significantly increased the BMC of the defect area at 2 months compared with that of the control group, and this difference was unchanged through 13 months. The cortical bone volume was significantly increased by FGF-2, but there was no difference between the groups in trabecular bone structure. Bone maturation was occurring in both groups because of the lower cortical volume and denser trabecular bone than what is found in intact bone. FGF-2 also increased the area of newly formed bone as assessed histomorphometrically, but the ratios of trabecular bone in the defect area were similar between the control and FGF-2 groups. These results suggest that FGF-2 stimulates neogenesis of alveolar bone that is of similar quality to that of the control group. The lengths of the regenerated periodontal ligament and cementum, measured as the distance from the defect bottom to the apical end of the gingival epithelium, and height and area of the newly formed bone in the FGF-2 group were larger than those in the control group. The present study demonstrated that, within the limitation of artificial periodontal defect model, the periodontal tissue regenerated by FGF-2 was maintained for 13 months after treatment and was qualitatively equivalent to that generated through the physiological healing process.

Dataset Information

A.actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease promotes systemic and local responses in rat periodontium.

Publications

A.actinomycetemcomitans-induced periodontal disease promotes systemic and local responses in rat periodontium.

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