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Immunization with a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant, HF10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.

ABSTRACT: Genital herpes is an intractable disease caused mainly by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 (HSV-2), and is a major concern in public health. A previous infection with HSV type 1 (HSV-1) enhances protection against primary HSV-2 infection to some extent. In this study, we evaluated the ability of HF10, a naturally occurring replication-competent HSV-1 mutant, to protect against genital infection in mice caused by HSV-2. Subcutaneous inoculation of HF10-immunized mice against lethal infection by HSV-2, and attenuated the development of genital ulcer diseases. Immunization with HF10 inhibited HSV-2 replication in the mouse vagina, reduced local inflammation, controlled emergence of neurological dysfunctions of HSV-2 infection, and increased survival. In HF10-immunized mice, we observed rapid and increased production of interferon-? in the vagina in response to HSV-2 infection, and numerous CD4(+) and a few CD8(+) T cells localized to the infective focus. CD4(+) T cells invaded the mucosal subepithelial lamina propria. Thus, the protective effect of HF10 was related to induction of cellular immunity, mediated primarily by Th1 CD4(+) cells. These data indicate that the live attenuated HSV-1 mutant strain HF10 is a promising candidate antigen for a vaccine against genital herpes caused by HSV-2.

SUBMITTER: Luo C

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3339446 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Immunization with a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant, HF10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.

Luo Chenhong C Goshima Fumi F Kamakura Maki M Mutoh Yoshifumi Y Iwata Seiko S Kimura Hiroshi H Nishiyama Yukihiro Y

Frontiers in microbiology 20120430

Genital herpes is an intractable disease caused mainly by herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 (HSV-2), and is a major concern in public health. A previous infection with HSV type 1 (HSV-1) enhances protection against primary HSV-2 infection to some extent. In this study, we evaluated the ability of HF10, a naturally occurring replication-competent HSV-1 mutant, to protect against genital infection in mice caused by HSV-2. Subcutaneous inoculation of HF10-immunized mice against lethal infection by ...[more]

PMID: 22557998

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Project description:Advanced melanoma has long been treated with chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents like dacarbazine (DTIC), but overall survival rates with these drugs have been generally low. Recently, immunoregulatory monoclonal antibodies and molecularly targeted therapy with a BRAF inhibitor and/or a MEK inhibitor, have been used to treat malignant melanoma and have improved the survival rate of patients with advanced melanoma. However, high prices of these drugs are problematic. In this study, we evaluated the oncolytic efficacy of HF10, an attenuated, replication-competent HSV, with DTIC in immunocompetent mice model of malignant melanoma. For in vitro studies, cytotoxicity assays were conducted in clone M3 mouse melanoma cells. For the in vivo studies, subcutaneous melanoma models were prepared in DBA/2 mice with clone M3 cells, and then HF10 was intratumorally inoculated with/without intraperitoneal DTIC injection. The efficacy of the therapies was evaluated by survival, growth of subcutaneous tumor, and histopathological and immunological analyses. Both HF10 infection and DTIC treatment showed cytotoxic effects in melanoma cells, but combination treatment with HF10 and DTIC showed a rapid and strong cytotoxic effect compared with monotherapy. In the subcutaneous melanoma model, intratumoral HF10 inoculation significantly inhibited tumor growth. HF10 also inhibited the growth of non-inoculated contralateral tumors when it was injected into the ipsilateral tumors of mice. In histologic and immunohistochemical analysis, tumor lysis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed after intratumoral HF10 inoculation. When mice were treated with HF10 and DTIC, the combination therapy induced a robust systemic anti-tumor immune response and prolonged survival. IFN-? secretion from splenocytes of the HF10-DTIC combination therapy group showed more IFN-? secretion than did the other groups. These data showed the efficacy of HF10 and DTIC combination therapy in a mouse melanoma model.

Dataset Information

Immunization with a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant, HF10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.

Publications

Immunization with a highly attenuated replication-competent herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant, HF10, protects mice from genital disease caused by herpes simplex virus type 2.

Similar Datasets

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