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Evidence for elevated mutation rates in low-quality genotypes.

ABSTRACT: The deleterious mutation rate plays a key role in a number of important topics in biology, from mating system evolution to human health. Despite this broad significance, the nature and causes of variation in mutation rate are poorly understood, especially in multicellular organisms. We test whether genetic quality, the presence or absence of deleterious alleles, affects the mutation rate in Drosophila melanogaster by using a modified mutation accumulation approach. We find evidence that genotypes constructed to carry deleterious "treatment" alleles on one chromosome during mutation accumulation experience an elevated mutation rate on a different chromosome. Further, this elevation is correlated with the effect of the treatment alleles on phenotypic condition, measured as body mass. Treatment alleles that reduce mass by 10% cause a doubling in the rate of mutational decline. Our results show that mutation rates are sensitive to genetic stress, such that individuals with low-quality genotypes will produce offspring of even lower genetic quality, in a mutational positive feedback loop. This type of variation in mutation rate is expected to alter a variety of predictions based on mutation load theory and accelerate adaptation to new environments. Positive mutational feedback could affect human health by increasing the rate of germline mutation, and possibly somatic mutation, in individuals of poor health because of genetic or environmental stress.

SUBMITTER: Sharp NP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3341077 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Evidence for elevated mutation rates in low-quality genotypes.

Sharp Nathaniel P NP Agrawal Aneil F AF

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20120326 16

The deleterious mutation rate plays a key role in a number of important topics in biology, from mating system evolution to human health. Despite this broad significance, the nature and causes of variation in mutation rate are poorly understood, especially in multicellular organisms. We test whether genetic quality, the presence or absence of deleterious alleles, affects the mutation rate in Drosophila melanogaster by using a modified mutation accumulation approach. We find evidence that genotype ...[more]

PMID: 22451943

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Project description:• Reference to published study making use of this data: • Cseke LJ, Tsai C-J, Rogers A, Nelsen MP, White HL, Karnosky DF, Podila GK. (2009) Transcriptomic comparison in the leaves of two aspen genotypes having similar carbon assimilation rates but different allocation patterns under elevated CO2. New Phytologist. submitted. • This study compared the leaf transcription profiles, physiological characteristics, and primary metabolites of two Populus tremuloides genotypes (clones 216 and 271) known to differ in their responses to long-term elevated [CO2] (e[CO2]) at the Aspen FACE site near Rhinelander, WI. • Physiological responses of these clones are similar in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and leaf area index under e[CO2] yet very different in growth enhancement (0-10% in clone 216; 40-50% in clone 271). While few genes responded to long-term exposure to e[CO2], the transcriptional activity of leaf e[CO2]-responsive genes was distinctly different between the clones, differentially impacting multiple pathways during both early and late growing seasons. • Analysis of transcript abundance and carbon/nitrogen biochemistry suggests that the CO2-responsive clone (271) partitions C into pathways associated with active defense/response to stress, carbohydrate/starch biosynthesis and subsequent growth. The CO2-unresponsive clone (216) partitions C into pathways associated with passive defense (e.g. lignin, phenylpropanoid) and cell wall thickening. • This study indicates that there is significant variation in expression patterns between different tree genotypes in response to long-term exposure to e[CO2]. Consequently, future efforts to improve productivity or other advantageous traits for carbon sequestration should include an examination of genetic variability in CO2 responsiveness. Keywords: Tree genotype comparison under elevated [CO2] 24 two-channel arrays, directly comparing RNA from trees grown in the ambient (control) [CO2] to RNA derived from the same genotype grown under e[CO2]. For each of 4 experimental conditions (clone 216 early season; clone 271 early season; clone 216 late season; clone 271 late season), three independent biological replicates derived from trees grown in three independent replicate FACE rings were used. In addition, each clone and time point included dye swap reciprocal two-color experiments for each biological replicate. Thus, six data points per cDNA are included (three biological replicates with two technical replicates each).

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Evidence for elevated mutation rates in low-quality genotypes.

Publications

Evidence for elevated mutation rates in low-quality genotypes.

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