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The impact of a bariatric rehabilitation service on weight loss and psychological adjustment--study protocol.

ABSTRACT: Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective form of obesity management for those whose BMI is greater than 40 (or 35 with co morbidities). A minority of patients, however, either do not show the desired loss of excess weight or show weight regain by follow up. Research highlights some of the reasons for this variability, most of which centres on the absence of any psychological support with patients describing how although surgery fixes their body, psychological issues relating to dietary control, self esteem, coping and emotional eating remain neglected.The present study aims to evaluate the impact of a health psychology led bariatric rehabilitation service (BRS) on patient health outcomes. The bariatric rehabilitation service will provide information, support and mentoring pre and post surgery and will address psychological issues such as dietary control, self esteem, coping and emotional eating. The package reflects the rehabilitation services now common place for patients post heart attack and stroke which have been shown to improve patient health outcomes.The study is a randomised control trial and patients will be allocated to receive either usual care or the bariatric rehabilitation service pre and post bariatric surgery. Follow up measures of weight loss and psychological issues will be taken at baseline (2 weeks preoperatively), 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. The contents of the bariatric service and the follow up measures are based on previous pilot work and have been developed further by the research team working closely with two patient support groups (BOSPA & WLSinfo). This study will take place in St Richard's Hospital in Chichester in the UK.It is predicted that a bariatric rehabilitation service will improve weight loss following surgery and will also facilitate changes in other psychological variables such as quality of life, dietary control, self esteem, coping and emotional eating. This also has cost implications for the NHS and other healthcare providers as improved effectiveness of bariatric surgery reduces the health costs of obese patients in the longer term.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01264120.

SUBMITTER: Hollywood A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3342921 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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The impact of a bariatric rehabilitation service on weight loss and psychological adjustment--study protocol.

Hollywood Amelia A Ogden Jane J Pring Christopher C

BMC public health 20120405

<h4>Background</h4>Bariatric surgery is currently the most effective form of obesity management for those whose BMI is greater than 40 (or 35 with co morbidities). A minority of patients, however, either do not show the desired loss of excess weight or show weight regain by follow up. Research highlights some of the reasons for this variability, most of which centres on the absence of any psychological support with patients describing how although surgery fixes their body, psychological issues r ...[more]

PMID: 22480247

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Project description:BackgroundAlthough obesity surgery is currently the most effective method for achieving weight loss, not all patients lose the desired amount of weight and some show weight regain. Previous research shows that successful weight loss may be associated with the amount of investment the patient feels that they have made in their operation. For example, those who feel that it has taken more time and effort to organise, has cost more money, has been more disruptive to their lives and has caused pain are more likely to lose weight after their operation. Therefore, it seems as if the greater the sense of investment, the greater the motivation to make the operation a success. The present study aims to build on these findings by encouraging weight loss surgery patients to focus on the investment they have made, thus making their investment more salient to them and a means to improve weight loss outcomes.MethodsThe study involves an open randomised parallel group control trial with patients allocated either to the control or investment intervention group. Using third party blinded randomization, half the patients will be asked to rate and describe the investment they have made in their operation just before surgery then 3 and 6 months after surgery. All patients will record their weight, beliefs about food, intentions to change and actual eating and exercise behaviour at baseline then 3, 6 and 12 months follow up. Patients will be recruited from the bariatric surgery pre-assessment clinic at University College Hospital, London. The primary outcome is to explore the impact of the investment based intervention on patient's weight and BMI, with secondary outcomes of patients' beliefs about foods, behavioural intentions and diet and exercise behaviours.DiscussionIt is predicted that the investment intervention will improve excess weight loss post-surgery, together with beliefs about food, intentions to change and actual change in diet and exercise behaviour. This has cost implications for the NHS and other healthcare providers as improved effectiveness of bariatric surgery reduces the health costs of obese patients in the longer term and this simple, easy to administer and low cost intervention could become routine practice for bariatric patients.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02045628; December 2, 2013.

Project description:Introduction: Adolescent and children obesity is a growing concern worldwide. Bariatric surgery is used as an effective treatment for adolescents with obesity and provides physical and mental health benefits. Application of alternative, minimally invasive, safe, and reversible endoscopic procedures, such as the Duodenojejunal bypass liner (DJBL), has been recently suggested as an effective treatment for adolescents with obesity. We explored specific psychological outcomes of adolescents with obesity during a year of follow-up after undergoing a reversible endoscopic bariatric procedure, and a year after removal. We were also interested in identifying psychological factors that could predict successful weight loss after the procedure. Methods: Nineteen adolescent with severe obesity undergoing DJBL procedure were psychologically assessed in an open-label, prospective clinical trial (NTC0218393), at the implantation of device and at the removal of device after 12 months. Control group of 26 adolescents with severe obesity were recruited from the same outpatient clinic undergoing only conservative treatment. In addition, adolescents from the intervention group were followed for 12 months after the removal of the device. The Youth Self Report (YSR) was used to assess adolescents' emotional and behavioural problems; The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) to assess body image and The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) to assess attitudes and behaviours related to eating disorder. Results: Significant improvements in somatic complain (F = 12.478, p = 0.001), emotional and behavioural problems (F = 7.169, p = 0.011) and food restraining (F = 9.605, p = 0.004) were found in the intervention group at device removal compared to the control group. Moreover, at the time of device removal compared to baseline, improvements in several psychological outcomes were found (F = 32.178 p = 0.000 for emotional and behavioural problems). Adolescents also became more satisfied with their appearance (F = 6.789, p = 0.019). Majority of observed changes remained stable at the next follow up a year after the device removal. Significant predictors of successful weight loss at device removal were fewer overeating episodes (B = 0.147, p = 0.022) and lower body satisfaction (B = 0.932, p = 0.013). Discussion: Following a reversible bariatric procedure, improvements of psychological (emotional and behavioural) factors were found in adolescents with severe obesity. Psychological predictors of successful weight loss were identified, showing the greatest importance of eating behaviour and body satisfaction in successful weight loss.

Project description:Obesity is a global health challenge that warrants effective treatments to avoid its multiple comorbidities. Bariatric surgery, a cornerstone treatment to control bodyweight excess and relieve the health-related burdens of obesity, can promote accelerated bone loss and affect skeletal strength, particularly after malabsorptive and mixed surgical procedures, and probably after restrictive surgeries. The increase in bone resorption markers occurs early and persist for up to 12 months or longer after bariatric surgery, while bone formation markers increase but to a lesser extent, suggesting a potential uncoupling process between resorption and formation. The skeletal response to bariatric surgery, as investigated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), has shown significant loss in bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip with less consistent results for the lumbar spine. Supporting DXA studies, analyses by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) showed lower cortical density and thickness, higher cortical porosity, and lower trabecular density and number for up to 5 years after bariatric surgery. These alterations translate into an increased risk of fall injury, which contributes to increase the fracture risk in patients who have been subjected to bariatric surgery procedures. As bone deterioration continues for years following bariatric surgery, the fracture risk does not seem to be dependent on acute weight loss but, rather, is a chronic condition with an increasing impact over time. Among the post-bariatric surgery mechanisms that have been claimed to act globally on bone health, there is evidence that micro- and macro-nutrient malabsorptive factors, mechanical unloading and changes in molecules partaking in the crosstalk between adipose tissue, bone and muscle may play a determining role. Given these circumstances, it is conceivable that bone health should be adequately investigated in candidates to bariatric surgery through bone-specific work-up and dedicated postsurgical follow-up. Specific protocols of nutrients supplementation, motor activity, structured rehabilitative programs and, when needed, targeted therapeutic strategies should be deemed as an integral part of post-bariatric surgery clinical support.

Project description:IntroductionBariatric surgery (BS) is the treatment of choice for refractory obesity. Although weight loss (WL) reduces the prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities, not all patients maintain it. It has been suggested that central mechanisms involving dopamine receptors may play a role in successful WL. This protocol describes an observational cross-sectional study to test if the binding of central dopamine receptors is similar in individuals who responded successfully to BS and age- and gender-matched normal-weight healthy individuals (controls). As secondary goals, the protocol will investigate if this binding correlates with key parameters such as age, hormonal status, anthropometric metrics and neurobehavioural scores. Finally, as exploratory goals, we will include a cohort of individuals with obesity before and after BS to explore whether obesity and type of BS (sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) yield distinct binding values and track central dopaminergic changes resulting from BS.Methods and analysisTo address the major research question of this observational study, positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride will be used to map brain dopamine type 2 and 3 receptors (D2/3R) non-displaceable binding potential (BPND) of individuals who have successfully responded to BS. Mean regional D2/3R BPND values will be compared with control individuals by two one-sided test approaches. The sample size (23 per group) was estimated to demonstrate the equivalence between two independent group means. In addition, these binding values will be correlated with key parameters to address secondary goals. Finally, for exploratory analysis, these values will be compared within the same individuals (before and after BS) and between individuals with obesity and controls and types of BS.Ethics and disseminationThe project and informed consent received ethical approval from the Faculty of Medicine and the Coimbra University Hospital ethics committees. Results will be disseminated in international peer-reviewed journals and conferences.

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The impact of a bariatric rehabilitation service on weight loss and psychological adjustment--study protocol.

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The impact of a bariatric rehabilitation service on weight loss and psychological adjustment--study protocol.

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