Dataset Information

The foot in multistage ultra-marathon runners: experience in a cohort study of 22 participants of the Trans Europe Footrace Project with mobile MRI.

ABSTRACT: 67 runners participated in the Trans Europe FootRace 2009 (TEFR09), a 4487 km (2789 mi) multistage ultra-marathon covering the south of Europe (Bari, Italy) to the North Cape. Reports on ultra-marathons are lacking, but the literature reports overuse injuries in athletes, especially to the Achilles tendon (AT), ankle or hind foot. Bone oedema may be related to exposure and is present in fatigue fractures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prospectively if sustained maximal load during an ultra-marathon leads to damage to the foot.In a cohort study, repeated scanning of the 22 athletes participating in the study was performed before and during (approximately every 1000 km) the race. Using the obtained fat saturated inversion recovery sequence, two experienced readers blinded to the clinical data rated the images regarding foot lesions. Statistical analysis included regression analysis and computation of the inter-rater reliability.The TEFR09 course. MRI scanning was performed according to prearranged schedules for every participant, using a mobile 1.5 Tesla MRI unit on a trailer following the race.MRI data such as AT diameter, bone or tendon lesions, subcutaneous, plantar fascia or intraosseous oedema.The 22 study participants did not differ significantly from the total of the 67 TEFR09 runners regarding height, weight and age. The AT diameter increased significantly from 6.8 to 7.8 mm as did intraosseous signal, bone lesions and subcutaneous oedema. However, finishers differed only regarding plantar aponeurosis and subcutaneous oedema from participants aborting the TEFR09. Inter-rater reliability was 0.88-0.98.Under the extreme stress of the TEFR09, an increase of the AT diameter as well as bone signal are thought to be adaptive since only subcutaneous oedema and plantar fascia oedema were related to abortion of the race.University of Ulm, Germany Ethics Committee Number 78/08-UBB/se.

SUBMITTER: Freund W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3364457 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

The foot in multistage ultra-marathon runners: experience in a cohort study of 22 participants of the Trans Europe Footrace Project with mobile MRI.

Freund Wolfgang W Weber Frank F Billich Christian C Schuetz Uwe H UH

BMJ open 20120522 3

<h4>Objectives</h4>67 runners participated in the Trans Europe FootRace 2009 (TEFR09), a 4487 km (2789 mi) multistage ultra-marathon covering the south of Europe (Bari, Italy) to the North Cape. Reports on ultra-marathons are lacking, but the literature reports overuse injuries in athletes, especially to the Achilles tendon (AT), ankle or hind foot. Bone oedema may be related to exposure and is present in fatigue fractures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prospectively if susta ...[more]

PMID: 22619270

Similar Datasets

Project description:Introduction:Marathon, as a long-distance aerobic exercise, has become a fashionable or popular sport. However, little is known about the holistic metabolic changes occurring within the serum metabolome of athletes after the completion of a marathon. Objectives:The goal of current study was to have an in-depth understanding of the impact of marathon on human metabolomics as well as the relationships among a variety of metabolites. Methods:The 20 studied subjects were all adult males who participated in a marathon. The serum samples of these participants were collected before and after the marathon and the biochemical metabolites in the serum were identified by an untargeted two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Results:All participants completed the marathon within 3?h. Compared to those before exercise, serum urea and creatine kinase, as well as cortisol, elevated significantly (p?<?0.05), whereas testosterone decreased significantly (p?<?0.01). Metabolomic analysis showed that, compared to those before the competition, metabolites pyruvic acid, glyceric acid, malic acid, cis-aconitic acid, galacturonic acid, methyl fumaric acid, maltotriose, and others increased significantly after the competition (p?<?0.05), but glucosamine and O-succinyl-L-homoserine decreased significantly (p?<?0.05). Amino acid indexes, such as alanine, L-tyrosine and phenylalanine, increased significantly after exercise compared with those before exercise (p?<?0.05), whereas serine, valine and asparagine decreased significantly (p?<?0.05). Lipid metabolism indexes, glycerol, glyceric acid, octanoic acid, and quinic acid increased significantly (p?<?0.05). Theophylline, xanthine and other indicators of caffeine metabolism increased significantly (p?<?0.05). Furthermore, marathon performance, fat percentage, VO2max, and hemoglobin were correlated with the serum metabonomic indicators, so were serum testosterone and cortisol. Conclusion:These results illustrate that the metabolism of glucose and lipid of the athletes was enhanced following the marathon match. In addition, the metabolism of glucosamine was decreased and the metabolism of caffeine was increased. Our data provide new insights for marathon performance and nutritional status.

Project description:BackgroundInvestigation into strenuous activity and kidney function has gained interest given increasing marathon participation.Study designProspective observational study.Setting & participantsRunners participating in the 2015 Hartford Marathon.PredictorCompleting a marathon.OutcomesAcute kidney injury (AKI) as defined by AKI Network (AKIN) criteria. Stage 1 AKI was defined as 1.5- to 2-fold or 0.3-mg/dL increase in serum creatinine level within 48 hours of day 0 and stage 2 was defined as a more than 2- to 3-fold increase in creatinine level. Microscopy score was defined by the number of granular casts and renal tubular epithelial cells.MeasurementsSamples were collected 24 hours premarathon (day 0), immediately postmarathon (day 1), and 24 hours postmarathon (day 2). Measurements of serum creatinine, creatine kinase, and urine albumin were completed, as well as urine microscopy analysis. 6 injury urine biomarkers (IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, kidney injury molecule 1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and tumor necrosis factor α) and 2 repair urine biomarkers (YKL-40 and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1) were measured.Results22 marathon runners were included. Mean age was 44 years and 41% were men. 82% of runners developed an increase in creatinine level equivalent to AKIN-defined AKI stages 1 and 2. 73% had microscopy diagnoses of tubular injury. Serum creatinine, urine albumin, and injury and repair biomarker levels peaked on day 1 and were significantly elevated compared to day 0 and day 2. Serum creatine kinase levels continued to significantly increase from day 0 to day 2.LimitationsSmall sample size and limited clinical data available at all time points.ConclusionsMarathon runners developed AKI and urine sediment diagnostic of tubular injury. An increase in injury and repair biomarker levels suggests structural damage to renal tubules occurring after marathon. The results of our study should be validated in larger cohorts with longer follow-up of kidney function.

Project description:BackgroundThe foot and ankle play a critical role in ultramarathon running. Because foot and ankle injuries are the most common location of injury in this group, proper care is essential for prevention. In this sport, small issues can become big problems over such long distances, and understanding the preventative measures taken by ultramarathon runners may provide insight for other athletes looking to avoid similar problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the routine and preventative care of the foot and ankle, as well as injury rates, in this group of high-risk athletes.MethodsThe Ultrarunners Longitudinal TRAcking (ULTRA) Study is the largest known prospective longitudinal study of ultramarathon runners. In this portion of the study, participants reported general health status, running behavior and performance, as well as foot and ankle care, injuries, stretching frequency, and shoewear.ResultsA total of 734 ultramarathon runners participated in the study. This group ran a median of 40.2 km per week. Overall, 71.2% of active ultramarathon runners reported a foot or ankle injury in the previous 12 months. The most common injuries reported were plantar fasciitis (36.3%), Achilles tendinitis (24.0%), nonspecific foot pain (14.0%), and stress fractures (13.4%). Sit and reach flexibility test showed that 63.7% of runners could not reach past their toes. There were no significant correlations for sit and reach flexibility or stretching frequency with injury rate.ConclusionThe high prevalence of foot and ankle injuries in ultramarathon runners does not appear to be influenced by arch type, foot strike pattern, orthotic usage, stretching behavior, or actual flexibility. A high percentage of the study runners used comfort as a shoe selection method, independent of alignment or foot strike pattern. These findings guide the clinician in shared decision making with runners about routine care, including injury prevention and shoe selection.Level of evidenceLevel II, prospective study.

Dataset Information

The foot in multistage ultra-marathon runners: experience in a cohort study of 22 participants of the Trans Europe Footrace Project with mobile MRI.

Publications

The foot in multistage ultra-marathon runners: experience in a cohort study of 22 participants of the Trans Europe Footrace Project with mobile MRI.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets