Genome-wide association study for coronary artery calcification with follow-up in myocardial infarction.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: O'Donnell CJ
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3397173 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Genome-wide association study for coronary artery calcification with follow-up in myocardial infarction.
O'Donnell Christopher J CJ Kavousi Maryam M Smith Albert V AV Kardia Sharon L R SL Feitosa Mary F MF Hwang Shih-Jen SJ Sun Yan V YV Province Michael A MA Aspelund Thor T Dehghan Abbas A Hoffmann Udo U Bielak Lawrence F LF Zhang Qunyuan Q Eiriksdottir Gudny G van Duijn Cornelia M CM Fox Caroline S CS de Andrade Mariza M Kraja Aldi T AT Sigurdsson Sigurdur S Elias-Smale Suzette E SE Murabito Joanne M JM Launer Lenore J LJ van der Lugt Aad A Kathiresan Sekar S Krestin Gabriel P GP Herrington David M DM Howard Timothy D TD Liu Yongmei Y Post Wendy W Mitchell Braxton D BD O'Connell Jeffrey R JR Shen Haiqing H Shuldiner Alan R AR Altshuler David D Elosua Roberto R Salomaa Veikko V Schwartz Stephen M SM Siscovick David S DS Voight Benjamin F BF Bis Joshua C JC Glazer Nicole L NL Psaty Bruce M BM Boerwinkle Eric E Heiss Gerardo G Blankenberg Stefan S Zeller Tanja T Wild Philipp S PS Schnabel Renate B RB Schillert Arne A Ziegler Andreas A Münzel Thomas F TF White Charles C CC Rotter Jerome I JI Nalls Michael M Oudkerk Matthijs M Johnson Andrew D AD Newman Anne B AB Uitterlinden Andre G AG Massaro Joseph M JM Cunningham Julie J Harris Tamara B TB Hofman Albert A Peyser Patricia A PA Borecki Ingrid B IB Cupples L Adrienne LA Gudnason Vilmundur V Witteman Jacqueline C M JC
Circulation 20111205 25
<h4>Background</h4>Coronary artery calcification (CAC) detected by computed tomography is a noninvasive measure of coronary atherosclerosis, which underlies most cases of myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to identify common genetic variants associated with CAC and further investigate their associations with MI.<h4>Methods and results</h4>Computed tomography was used to assess quantity of CAC. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for CAC was performed in 9961 men and women from ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundCoronary artery calcification (CAC) is a noninvasive measure of coronary atherosclerosis, the proximal pathophysiology underlying most cases of myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to identify expression signatures of early MI and subclinical atherosclerosis in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS). In this study, we conducted paired-end RNA sequencing on whole blood collected from 198 FHS participants (55 with a history of early MI, 72 with high CAC without prior MI, and 71 controls free of elevated CAC levels or history of MI). We applied DESeq2 to identify coding-genes and long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) differentially expressed in MI and high CAC, respectively, compared with the control.ResultsOn average, 150 million paired-end reads were obtained for each sample. At the false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.1, we found 68 coding genes and 2 lincRNAs that were differentially expressed in early MI versus controls. Among them, 60 coding genes were detectable and thus tested in an independent RNA-Seq data of 807 individuals from the Rotterdam Study, and 8 genes were supported by p value and direction of the effect. Immune response, lipid metabolic process, and interferon regulatory factor were enriched in these 68 genes. By contrast, only 3 coding genes and 1 lincRNA were differentially expressed in high CAC versus controls. APOD, encoding a component of high-density lipoprotein, was significantly downregulated in both early MI (FDR = 0.007) and high CAC (FDR = 0.01) compared with controls.ConclusionsWe identified transcriptomic signatures of early MI that include differentially expressed protein-coding genes and lincRNAs, suggesting important roles for protein-coding genes and lincRNAs in the pathogenesis of MI.
| S-EPMC7874462 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Identification of patient subpopulations susceptible to develop myocardial infarction (MI) or, conversely, those displaying either intrinsic cardioprotective phenotypes or highly responsive to protective interventions remain high-priority knowledge gaps. We sought to identify novel common genetic variants associated with perioperative MI in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting using genome-wide association methodology.107 secondary and tertiary cardiac surgery centres across the USA.We conducted a stage I genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 1433 ethnically diverse patients of both genders (112 cases/1321 controls) from the Genetics of Myocardial Adverse Outcomes and Graft Failure (GeneMAGIC) study, and a stage II analysis in an expanded population of 2055 patients (225 cases/1830 controls) combined from the GeneMAGIC and Duke Perioperative Genetics and Safety Outcomes (PEGASUS) studies. Patients undergoing primary non-emergent coronary bypass grafting were included.The primary outcome variable was perioperative MI, defined as creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) values ?10× upper limit of normal during the first postoperative day, and not attributable to preoperative MI. Secondary outcomes included postoperative CK-MB as a quantitative trait, or a dichotomised phenotype based on extreme quartiles of the CK-MB distribution.Following quality control and adjustment for clinical covariates, we identified 521 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the stage I GWAS analysis. Among these, 8 common variants in 3 genes or intergenic regions met p<10(-5) in stage II. A secondary analysis using CK-MB as a quantitative trait (minimum p=1.26×10(-3) for rs609418), or a dichotomised phenotype based on extreme CK-MB values (minimum p=7.72×10(-6) for rs4834703) supported these findings. Pathway analysis revealed that genes harbouring top-scoring variants cluster in pathways of biological relevance to extracellular matrix remodelling, endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport and inflammation.Using a two-stage GWAS and pathway analysis, we identified and prioritised several potential susceptibility loci for perioperative MI.
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Project description:Epidemiologic evidence indicates that the prevalence and severity of coronary artery disease vary depending on ethnicity. In this study, a genome-wide association study for coronary artery calcification (CAC) was performed in a Korean population-based sample of 400 subjects without prior coronary artery disease and replicated in another of 1,288 subjects. CAC score, as assessed by multi-detector computed tomography, was evaluated in volunteers for screening purposes as part of a routine health examination. CAC score greater than the 90th percentile across the age in each sex group was considered severe CAC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with severe CAC after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes were investigated using the additive model of logistic regression. One SNP (rs10757272 in the intronic region of the CDKN2B-AS1 gene in chromosome 9p21.3) met Bonferroni correction in the discovery set (p = 7.55E-08) and was also significant in the validation set by TaqMan assay (p = 0.036). Subjects with rs10757272 were found to have an increased odds ratio (OR) of having severe CAC in multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes (adjusted OR 3.24 and 95% CI 2.11-4.97). In conclusion, SNP rs10757272 in chromosome 9p21.3 was associated with severe CAC based on age and sex in an asymptomatic community-based Korean population. Therefore, it was associated with promotion of coronary artery calcification in subclinical state.
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Project description:Many GWAS have identified novel loci associated with common diseases, but have focused only on main effects of individual genetic variants rather than interactions with environmental factors (GxE). Identification of GxE interactions is particularly important for coronary heart disease (CHD), a major preventable source of morbidity and mortality with strong non-genetic risk factors. Atherosclerosis is the major cause of CHD, and coronary artery calcification (CAC) is directly correlated with quantity of coronary atherosclerotic plaque. In the current study, we tested for genetic variants influencing extent of CAC via interaction with smoking (GxS), by conducting a GxS discovery GWAS in Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) sibships (N?=?915 European Americans) followed by replication in Framingham Heart Study (FHS) sibships (N?=?1025 European Americans). Generalized estimating equations accounted for the correlation within sibships in strata-specific groups of smokers and nonsmokers, as well as GxS interaction. Primary analysis found SNPs that showed suggestive associations (p?10(-5)) in GENOA GWAS, but these index SNPs did not replicate in FHS. However, secondary analysis was able to replicate candidate gene regions in FHS using other SNPs (+/-250 kb of GENOA index SNP). In smoker and nonsmoker groups, replicated genes included TCF7L2 (p?=?6.0×10(-5)) and WWOX (p?=?4.5×10(-6)); and TNFRSF8 (p?=?7.8×10(-5)), respectively. For GxS interactions, replicated genes included TBC1D4 (p?=?6.9×10(-5)) and ADAMTS9 (P?=?7.1×10(-5)). Interestingly, these genes are involved in inflammatory pathways mediated by the NF-?B axis. Since smoking is known to induce chronic and systemic inflammation, association of these genes likely reflects roles in CAC development via inflammatory pathways. Furthermore, the NF-?B axis regulates bone remodeling, a key physiological process in CAC development. In conclusion, GxS GWAS has yielded evidence for novel loci that are associated with CAC via interaction with smoking, providing promising new targets for future population-based and functional studies of CAC development.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and atherosclerotic inflammation associate with increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Vascular calcification is regulated by osteogenic proteins (OPs). It is unknown whether an association exists between CAC and plasma OPs and if they are affected by atherothrombotic inflammation. We tested the association of osteogenic and inflammatory proteins with CAC and assessed these biomarkers after MI. METHODS:Circulating OPs (osteoprotegerin, RANKL, fetuin-A, Matrix Gla protein [MGP]) and inflammatory proteins (C-reactive protein, oxidized-LDL, tumoral necrosis factor-?, transforming growth factor [TGF]-?1) were compared between stable patients with CAC (CAC ? 100 AU, n = 100) and controls (CAC = 0 AU, n = 30). The association between biomarkers and CAC was tested by multivariate analysis. In patients with MI (n = 40), biomarkers were compared between acute phase and 1-2 months post-MI, using controls as a baseline. RESULTS:MGP and fetuin-A levels were higher within individuals with CAC. Higher levels of MGP and RANKL were associated with CAC (OR 3.12 [95% CI 1.20-8.11], p = 0.02; and OR 1.75 [95% CI 1.04-2.94] respectively, p = 0.035). After MI, C-reactive protein, OPG and oxidized-LDL levels increased in the acute phase, whereas MGP and TGF-?1 increased 1-2 months post-MI. CONCLUSIONS:Higher MGP and RANKL levels associate with CAC. These findings highlight the potential role of these proteins as modulators and markers of CAC. In addition, the post-MI increase in OPG and MGP, as well as of inflammatory proteins suggest that the regulation of these OPs is affected by atherothrombotic inflammation.
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