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Genetic predisposition influences plasma lipids of participants on habitual diet, but not the response to reductions in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids.

ABSTRACT: SNPs identified from genome-wide association studies associate with lipid risk markers of cardiovascular disease. This study investigated whether these SNPs altered the plasma lipid response to diet in the 'RISCK' study cohort.Participants (n=490) from a dietary intervention to lower saturated fat by replacement with carbohydrate or monounsaturated fat, were genotyped for 39 lipid-associated SNPs. The association of each individual SNP, and of the SNPs combined (using genetic predisposition scores), with plasma lipid concentrations was assessed at baseline, and on change in response to 24 weeks on diets.The associations between SNPs and lipid concentrations were directionally consistent with previous findings. The genetic predisposition scores were associated with higher baseline concentrations of plasma total (P=0.02) and LDL (P=0.002) cholesterol, triglycerides (P=0.001) and apolipoprotein B (P=0.004), and with lower baseline concentrations of HDL cholesterol (P<0.001) and apolipoprotein A-I (P<0.001). None of the SNPs showed significant association with the reduction of plasma lipids in response to the dietary interventions and there was no evidence of diet-gene interactions.Results from this exploratory study have shown that increased genetic predisposition was associated with an unfavourable plasma lipid profile at baseline, but did not influence the improvement in lipid profiles by the low-saturated-fat diets.

SUBMITTER: Walker CG

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3407860 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genetic predisposition influences plasma lipids of participants on habitual diet, but not the response to reductions in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids.

Walker C G CG Loos R J F RJ Olson A D AD Frost G S GS Griffin B A BA Lovegrove J A JA Sanders T A B TA Jebb S A SA

Atherosclerosis 20110119 2

<h4>Objective</h4>SNPs identified from genome-wide association studies associate with lipid risk markers of cardiovascular disease. This study investigated whether these SNPs altered the plasma lipid response to diet in the 'RISCK' study cohort.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants (n=490) from a dietary intervention to lower saturated fat by replacement with carbohydrate or monounsaturated fat, were genotyped for 39 lipid-associated SNPs. The association of each individual SNP, and of the SNPs combined ...[more]

PMID: 21292264

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Project description:BackgroundChronic inadequate sleep and frequent daytime napping may inflict deleterious health effects including weight gain, cardiometabolic and psychiatric diseases, and cancer. It is plausible that these relations may be partly influenced by the consumption of suboptimal diets.ObjectivesThe study aimed to identify potential causal links of genetically proxied longer habitual sleep duration and more frequent daytime napping on 61 dietary variables derived from an FFQ. In addition, the study aimed to assess potential bidirectional causal links between habitual sleep duration or daytime napping and macronutrient composition.MethodsGenetic variants robustly associated with habitual sleep duration and daytime napping from published genome-wide association analyses were used. Outcomes included 61 dietary variables estimated from FFQs in the UK Biobank (n = 361,194). For bidirectional associations with macronutrient composition, genetic variants associated with percentage of energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein were used. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) effects were estimated with inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis.ResultsIn 2-sample MR, genetically proxied longer sleep duration was associated with a 0.068 (95% CI: 0.034, 0.103) category increase in salad/raw vegetable intake [P false discovery rate (FDR) = 0.006] per hour of sleep and with "no major dietary changes in the past 5 years" (P FDR = 0.043). No associations were evident for daytime napping on dietary variables (all P FDR > 0.05). In addition, there were no bidirectional associations between habitual sleep duration or daytime napping with the relative intake of carbohydrate, fat, and protein (all P IVW > 0.05).ConclusionsIn this MR study, there was modest evidence for associations between habitual sleep duration with dietary intake and no evidence for associations between daytime napping frequency with dietary intake. These preliminary findings suggest that changes to habitual sleep duration or daytime napping frequency may have limited impact on long-term changes in dietary intake.

Dataset Information

Genetic predisposition influences plasma lipids of participants on habitual diet, but not the response to reductions in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids.

Publications

Genetic predisposition influences plasma lipids of participants on habitual diet, but not the response to reductions in dietary intake of saturated fatty acids.

Similar Datasets

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