Dataset Information

?-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as ?-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

ABSTRACT: Golden Rice (GR) has been genetically engineered to be rich in ?-carotene for use as a source of vitamin A.The objective was to compare the vitamin A value of ?-carotene in GR and in spinach with that of pure ?-carotene in oil when consumed by children.Children (n = 68; age 6-8 y) were randomly assigned to consume GR or spinach (both grown in a nutrient solution containing 23 atom% ²H?O) or [²H?]?-carotene in an oil capsule. The GR and spinach ?-carotene were enriched with deuterium (²H) with the highest abundance molecular mass (M) at M(?-C)+²H??. [¹³C??]Retinyl acetate in an oil capsule was administered as a reference dose. Serum samples collected from subjects were analyzed by using gas chromatography electron-capture negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry for the enrichments of labeled retinol: M(retinol)+4 (from [²H?]?-carotene in oil), M(retinol)+5 (from GR or spinach [²H??]?-carotene), and M(retinol)+10 (from [¹³C??]retinyl acetate).Using the response to the dose of [¹³C??]retinyl acetate (0.5 mg) as a reference, our results (with the use of AUC of molar enrichment at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after the labeled doses) showed that the conversions of pure ?-carotene (0.5 mg), GR ?-carotene (0.6 mg), and spinach ?-carotene (1.4 mg) to retinol were 2.0, 2.3, and 7.5 to 1 by weight, respectively.The ?-carotene in GR is as effective as pure ?-carotene in oil and better than that in spinach at providing vitamin A to children. A bowl of ~100 to 150 g cooked GR (50 g dry weight) can provide ~60% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake of vitamin A for 6-8-y-old children.

SUBMITTER: Tang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3417220 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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β-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as β-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

Tang Guangwen G Hu Yuming Y Yin Shi-an SA Wang Yin Y Dallal Gerard E GE Grusak Michael A MA Russell Robert M RM

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20120801 3

<h4>Background</h4>Golden Rice (GR) has been genetically engineered to be rich in β-carotene for use as a source of vitamin A.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective was to compare the vitamin A value of β-carotene in GR and in spinach with that of pure β-carotene in oil when consumed by children.<h4>Design</h4>Children (n = 68; age 6-8 y) were randomly assigned to consume GR or spinach (both grown in a nutrient solution containing 23 atom% ²H₂O) or [²H₈]β-carotene in an oil capsule. The GR and spinach ...[more]

PMID: 22854406

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Project description:Finishing pigs (N = 224; 28.66 ± 1.90 kg bodyweight) were randomly assigned across 56 pens of either four barrows or gilts, and assigned to one of four diets: control (7,656 IU vitamin A/kg), control supplemented with vitamin A (4.36 ppm, Rovimix A 1000, DSM, Parsippany, NJ, USA), control supplemented with beta-carotene (163.28 ppm, Rovimix β-Carotene 10%, DSM, Parsippany), or control supplemented with oxidized beta-carotene (40 ppm; 10% active ingredient, Avivagen, Ottawa, ON, Canada). Pigs and feeder weights were obtained at the start of the study (d 0), and end of each phase (d 21, 42, and 63). A subset of gilts had a blood sample taken via jugular venipuncture on d 0, a blood sample and vaccinations of Lawsonia intracellularis and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) on d 18, a blood sample and booster vaccination of PCV2 on d 39, a blood sample on day 60, and a final blood sample on day 63. Gilts were euthanized at the end of the study to obtain a liver (entire right lobe) and a jejunum sample (15.24 cm at 10% of length). Additionally, the second and fourth right anterior mammary were collected to assess anterior mammary tissues. Data were analyzed in SAS 9.4 (Statistical Analysis System, Cary, NC) via GLIMMIX procedure. Oxidized beta-carotene supplementation increased (P = 0.02) ADG across phases over vitamin A supplementation, although there were no differences (P = 0.18) in the body weight of pigs. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of diet on plasma or hepatic retinol, IgG or IgM levels, or immune cell presence in developing mammary tissue. Supplemented vitamin A tended (P = 0.05) to increase the mRNA abundance of retinol binding protein in the jejunum, but other mRNA abundance for genes (alcohol dehydrogenase class 1, lecithin retinol acyltransferase phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransferase, and beta-carotene oxygenase 1) were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. A diet by time interaction (P = 0.04) was noted for the circovirus S/P ratio, where vitamin A supplementation had the best ratio compared to other diets. Analyzed titer levels for the circovirus vaccine had an interaction (P < 0.01) for diet by time, where vitamin A supplementation had the highest titer at the end of the study. Thus, pigs supplemented with oxidized beta-carotene had an improved ADG over vitamin A supplemented pigs, but pigs supplemented with vitamin A seemed to have an improved immune status.

Dataset Information

?-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as ?-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

Publications

β-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as β-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

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