Dataset Information

?-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as ?-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

ABSTRACT: Golden Rice (GR) has been genetically engineered to be rich in ?-carotene for use as a source of vitamin A.The objective was to compare the vitamin A value of ?-carotene in GR and in spinach with that of pure ?-carotene in oil when consumed by children.Children (n = 68; age 6-8 y) were randomly assigned to consume GR or spinach (both grown in a nutrient solution containing 23 atom% ²H?O) or [²H?]?-carotene in an oil capsule. The GR and spinach ?-carotene were enriched with deuterium (²H) with the highest abundance molecular mass (M) at M(?-C)+²H??. [¹³C??]Retinyl acetate in an oil capsule was administered as a reference dose. Serum samples collected from subjects were analyzed by using gas chromatography electron-capture negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry for the enrichments of labeled retinol: M(retinol)+4 (from [²H?]?-carotene in oil), M(retinol)+5 (from GR or spinach [²H??]?-carotene), and M(retinol)+10 (from [¹³C??]retinyl acetate).Using the response to the dose of [¹³C??]retinyl acetate (0.5 mg) as a reference, our results (with the use of AUC of molar enrichment at days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after the labeled doses) showed that the conversions of pure ?-carotene (0.5 mg), GR ?-carotene (0.6 mg), and spinach ?-carotene (1.4 mg) to retinol were 2.0, 2.3, and 7.5 to 1 by weight, respectively.The ?-carotene in GR is as effective as pure ?-carotene in oil and better than that in spinach at providing vitamin A to children. A bowl of ~100 to 150 g cooked GR (50 g dry weight) can provide ~60% of the Chinese Recommended Nutrient Intake of vitamin A for 6-8-y-old children.

SUBMITTER: Tang G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3417220 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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β-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as β-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

Tang Guangwen G Hu Yuming Y Yin Shi-an SA Wang Yin Y Dallal Gerard E GE Grusak Michael A MA Russell Robert M RM

The American journal of clinical nutrition 20120801 3

<h4>Background</h4>Golden Rice (GR) has been genetically engineered to be rich in β-carotene for use as a source of vitamin A.<h4>Objective</h4>The objective was to compare the vitamin A value of β-carotene in GR and in spinach with that of pure β-carotene in oil when consumed by children.<h4>Design</h4>Children (n = 68; age 6-8 y) were randomly assigned to consume GR or spinach (both grown in a nutrient solution containing 23 atom% ²H₂O) or [²H₈]β-carotene in an oil capsule. The GR and spinach ...[more]

PMID: 22854406

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Project description:One hundred and fifty-two nursery pigs (PIC, Hendersonville, TN) were randomly assigned to mix sex pens and one of six dietary treatments in a 3 × 2 factorial. Diets included no added fat, 3% added choice white grease, or 3% added soy oil with either a supplemented vitamin A (for a total of 11,640 IU vitamin A/kg, Rovimix A 1000, DSM, Parsippany, NJ, US) or beta-carotene (for a total of 8,708 IU vitamin A/kg equivalent, Rovimix β-Carotene 10%, DSM). Pigs were given a 3-d adaptation period upon arrival. Pigs were weighed at the start of the study and at the end of each phase. A blood sample was taken from one pig per pen at the start and end of the study. Tissues were collected from eight pigs at the start of the study and six pigs per treatment at the end of the study. Data were analyzed via the GLIMMIX procedure in SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst., Cary, NC). Pen was the experimental unit, and repeated measures were used for growth performance and blood parameters. There was no fat by supplement interaction (P > 0.05) on body weight (BW), but there was a tendency (P = 0.054) for heavier BWs when soy oil was added to diets. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in average daily feed intake or average daily gain (ADG). There was an improved gain:feed (P = 0.02) when pigs were fed choice white grease over no added fat. There were time differences (P < 0.05) for plasma vitamins A (retinol), D (25 hydroxy vitamin D3), and E (alpha-tocopherol). Vitamin A and D values were higher at the end of the study, whereas vitamin E values were lower at the end of the study. The choice white grease diets had the highest (P < 0.05) plasma vitamins D and E (6.74 ng/mL and 2.87 ppm, respectively). Pigs supplemented with vitamin A had higher (P < 0.05) hepatic vitamin A than pigs supplemented with beta-carotene (19.9 vs. 15.6 ppm, respectively). There were no differences (P < 0.05) between immunoglobulins G and M or mRNA abundance of select genes (retinol binding protein 2, alcohol dehydrogenase class 1, lecithin retinol acyltransferase phosphatidylcholine-retinol O-acyltransferase, and beta-carotene oxygenase 1). In conclusion, fat inclusion level and type, with either vitamin A or beta-carotene supplementation, did not affect the overall nursery pig growth performance. The addition of fat resulted in an increase in ADG and BW. Diets with choice white grease had the highest plasma vitamins D and E, and supplemental vitamin A increased hepatic vitamin A.

Dataset Information

?-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as ?-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

Publications

β-Carotene in Golden Rice is as good as β-carotene in oil at providing vitamin A to children.

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