Dataset Information

Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study was conducted to identify epidemiological characteristics of the first documented CHIK fever outbreak in China and evaluate the effect of the preventive measures taken.

Methodology/principal findings

From September 1 to October 29, 2010, China's first documented outbreak of CHIK fever occurred in the Xincun community of Wanjiang District of Dongguan city, Guangdong province; 253 case-patients were recorded, of which 129 were laboratory confirmed, with an attack rate of 1%. Before September 18(th) the number of CHIK fever cases remained relatively low in the Xincun community; from September 19(th) onwards, the number of cases increased drastically, with an outbreak peak on October 4(th). Cases were distributed across nine small village groups in the Xincun community, with an attack rate of 0-12% at the village level. The household attack rates ranged between 20% and 100%. No significant difference was found in the attack rate between males and females. There was a significant difference in the attack rate in different age groups (chi-square=18.35, p=0.005); highest in patients aged 60 years or older and the lowest in patients aged under 10. The major clinical characteristics of patients are fever (100%), joint pain (79%) and rash (54%). Phylogenetic analysis of the E1 gene on the five earliest confirmed cases showed that the strains of CHIKV isolated from their sera were highly homologous (up to 99%) with isogeneic strains isolated in Thailand in 2009. After control measures were taken, including killing adult mosquitoes and cleaning breeding habitats of Aedes mosquitoes, the Breteau index and Mosq-ovitrap index decreased rapidly, and the outbreak ended on October 29.

Conclusion/significance

The infection source of the outbreak was imported. Cases showed obvious temporal, spatial, and population aggregation during the outbreak. Comprehensive control measures based on reducing the density of Aedes mosquitoes were effective in controlling the epidemic.

SUBMITTER: Qiaoli Z

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3420915 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics.

Qiaoli Zhang Z Jianfeng He H De Wu W Zijun Wang W Xinguang Zhong Z Haojie Zhong Z Fan Ding D Zhiquan Liu L Shiwen Wang W Zhenyu Huang H Yonghui Zhang Z Changwen Ke K Dakang Yuan Y Wenjia Liang L Deqiong Li L Pinghua Chen C

PloS one 20120816 8

<h4>Background</h4>This study was conducted to identify epidemiological characteristics of the first documented CHIK fever outbreak in China and evaluate the effect of the preventive measures taken.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>From September 1 to October 29, 2010, China's first documented outbreak of CHIK fever occurred in the Xincun community of Wanjiang District of Dongguan city, Guangdong province; 253 case-patients were recorded, of which 129 were laboratory confirmed, with an atta ...[more]

PMID: 22916166

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Project description:Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a bacterial pathogen that may cause serious drug-resistant infections that are potentially fatal. To investigate the genetic characteristics of these organisms, we tested 416 P. aeruginosa strains recovered from 12 types of clinical samples collected in 29 different hospital wards in 10 hospitals in Guangdong Province, China, from 2017 to 2020. These strains were found to belong to 149 known sequence types (STs) and 72 novel STs, indicating that transmission of these strains involved multiple routes. A high rate of resistance to imipenem (89.4%) and meropenem (79.4%) and a high prevalence of pathogenic serotypes (76.4%) were observed among these strains. Six STs of global high-risk clones (HiRiCs) and a novel HiRiC strains, ST1971, which exhibited extensive drug resistance, were identified. Importantly, ST1971 HiRiC, which was unique in China, also exhibited high virulence, which alarmed the further surveillance on this highly virulent and highly resistant clone. Inactivation of the oprD gene and overexpression of efflux systems were found to be mainly responsible for carbapenem resistance in these strains; carriage of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-encoding genes was less common. Interestingly, frameshift mutations (49.0%) and introduction of a stop codon (22.4%) into the oprD genes were the major mechanisms of imipenem resistance. On the other hand, expression of the MexAB-OprM efflux pump and MBL-encoding genes were mechanisms of resistance in >70% of meropenem-resistant strains. The findings presented here provide insights into the development of effective strategies for control of worldwide dissemination of CRPA. IMPORTANCE Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) is a major concern in clinical settings worldwide, yet few genetic and epidemiological studies on CRPA strains have been performed in China. Here, we sequence and analyze the genomes of 416 P. aeruginosa strains from hospitals in China to elucidate the genetic, phenotypic, and transmission characteristics of CRPA strains and to identify the molecular signatures responsible for the observed increase in the prevalence of CRPA infections in China. These findings may provide new insight into the development of effective strategies for worldwide control of CRPA and minimize the occurrence of untreatable infections in clinical settings.

Dataset Information

Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics.

Background

Methodology/principal findings

Conclusion/significance

Publications

Maiden outbreak of chikungunya in Dongguan city, Guangdong province, China: epidemiological characteristics.

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