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Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human keratinocytes.

ABSTRACT: We have shown that autocrine proliferation of human keratinocytes (KCs) is strongly dependent upon amphiregulin (AREG), whereas blockade of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) inhibits KC migration in scratch wound assays. Here we demonstrate that expression of soluble HB-EGF (sHB-EGF) or full-length transmembrane HB-EGF (proHB-EGF), but not proAREG, results in profound increases in KC migration and invasiveness in monolayer culture. Coincident with these changes, HB-EGF significantly decreases mRNA expression of several epithelial markers including keratins 1, 5, 10, and 14 while increasing expression of markers of cellular motility including SNAI1, ZEB1, COX-2, and MMP1. Immunostaining revealed HB-EGF-induced expression of the mesenchymal protein vimentin and decreased expression of E-cadherin, as well as nuclear translocation of ?-catenin. Suggestive of a trade-off between KC motility and proliferation, overexpression of HB-EGF also reduced KC growth by >90%. We also show that HB-EGF is strongly induced in regenerating epidermis after partial-thickness wounding of human skin. Taken together, our data suggest that expression of HB-EGF in human KCs triggers a migratory and invasive phenotype with many features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which may be beneficial in the context of cutaneous wound healing.

SUBMITTER: Stoll SW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3423535 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human keratinocytes.

Stoll Stefan W SW Rittié Laure L Johnson Jessica L JL Elder James T JT

The Journal of investigative dermatology 20120517 9

We have shown that autocrine proliferation of human keratinocytes (KCs) is strongly dependent upon amphiregulin (AREG), whereas blockade of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) inhibits KC migration in scratch wound assays. Here we demonstrate that expression of soluble HB-EGF (sHB-EGF) or full-length transmembrane HB-EGF (proHB-EGF), but not proAREG, results in profound increases in KC migration and invasiveness in monolayer culture. Coincident with these changes, HB-EGF significantl ...[more]

PMID: 22592159

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Project description:Background:Keloids are benign fibroproliferative skin lesions that are difficult to treat and become a lifetime predicament for patients. Several treatment modalities have been put forth, but as yet no satisfactory approach to the prevention or treatment of keloids has been identified. The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in keloid scarring, as keloid keratinocytes display an EMT-like phenotype. This study investigated the potential of pirfenidone, an antifibrotic agent, to counteract EMT-like alterations in keloid keratinocytes, including gene expression, cell migratory and proliferative functions. Methods:Normal and keloid keratinocytes were isolated from discarded normal skin tissues and from resected keloid tissues, respectively. Cells were quiesced for 24 h without epidermal growth factor DS-Qi1MCDigital and were exposed to transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-?1; 10 ng/mL), with or without pirfenidone (400 ?g/mL), for an additional 24 h. The effects of pirfenidone on cytotoxicity, cell migration, cell proliferation, and on expression of genes and proteins involved in EMT were assayed. Statistical significance was determined by two-way ANOVA using Sigma Plot. Results:We found that pirfenidone did not elicit any cytotoxic effect at concentrations up to 1000 ?g/mL. A statistically significant dose-dependent decrease in basal cell proliferation rate was noted in both normal and keloid keratinocytes when exposed to pirfenidone at concentrations ranging from 200 to 1000 ?g/mL. Pirfenidone significantly decreased basal cell migration in both normal and keloid keratinocytes, but a significant decrease in TGF-?1-induced cell migration was seen only in keloid keratinocytes. Significant inhibition of the expression of TGF-?1-induced core EMT genes, namely hyaluronan synthase 2, vimentin, cadherin-11, and wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A along with fibronectin-1, was observed in both normal and keloid keratinocytes treated with pirfenidone. In addition, the protein levels of vimentin and fibronectin were significantly reduced by pirfenidone (400 ?g/mL) in both normal and keloid keratinocytes. Conclusions:For the first time, this study shows the efficacy of pirfenidone in inhibiting the EMT-like phenotype in keratinocytes derived from keloids, suggesting that pirfenidone may counteract a critical contributor of keloid progression and recurrence.

Dataset Information

Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human keratinocytes.

Publications

Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human keratinocytes.

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