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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulators as novel tools for in vivo investigation.

ABSTRACT: Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) have shown promising results in preclinical models for anxiety and drug abuse. Here we describe a series of aryl-substituted alkynyl analogues of the prototypic mGluR5 NAM 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP, 1). Displacement of [(3)H]1 binding in rat brain membranes showed that several of these novel compounds displayed high affinity binding (K(i) < 10 nM) for mGluR5, with up to a 24-fold increase in affinity over 1. Replacements of the 2-position Me on the pyridyl ring of 1 along with various 3'-CN, 5'-substitutions were generally well tolerated. All of the active analogues in this series had cLogP values in the 2-5 range and displayed inverse agonist characteristics in an ELISA-based assay of G(q)α-mediated IP3 production. Compounds 7i and 7j produced in vivo effects in mouse models of anxiety-like behaviors more potently than 1 or 3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine (MTEP, 2), supporting their utility as in vivo tools.

SUBMITTER: Keck TM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3424002 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulators as novel tools for in vivo investigation.

Keck Thomas M TM Zou Mu-Fa MF Zhang Peng P Rutledge Rebecca P RP Newman Amy Hauck AH

ACS medicinal chemistry letters 20120522 7

Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) have shown promising results in preclinical models for anxiety and drug abuse. Here we describe a series of aryl-substituted alkynyl analogues of the prototypic mGluR5 NAM 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine (MPEP, 1). Displacement of [(3)H]1 binding in rat brain membranes showed that several of these novel compounds displayed high affinity binding (K(i) < 10 nM) for mGluR5, with up to a 24-fold increase i ...[more]

PMID: 22924094

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Project description:Negative allosteric modulation of the metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor has emerged as a potential strategy for the treatment of neurologic disorders. Despite the success in preclinical studies, many mGlu5 negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) that have reached clinical trials failed due to lack of efficacy. In this study, we provide a detailed in vitro pharmacological characterization of nine clinically and preclinically tested NAMs. We evaluated inhibition of l-glutamate-induced signaling with Ca2+ mobilization, inositol monophosphate (IP1) accumulation, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation, and real-time receptor internalization assays on rat mGlu5 expressed in HEK293A cells. Moreover, we determined association rates (kon) and dissociation rates (koff), as well as NAM affinities with [3H]methoxy-PEPy binding experiments. kon and koff values varied greatly between the nine NAMs (34- and 139-fold, respectively) resulting in long receptor residence times (>400 min) for basimglurant and mavoglurant, medium residence times (10-30 min) for AZD2066, remeglurant, and (RS)-remeglurant, and low residence times (<10 mins) for dipraglurant, F169521, F1699611, and STX107. We found that all NAMs inhibited l-glutamate-induced mGlu5 receptor internalization, generally with a similar potency to IP1 accumulation and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas Ca2+ mobilization was less potently inhibited. Operational model of allosterism analyses revealed that dipraglurant and (RS)-remeglurant were biased toward (affinity) receptor internalization and away (cooperativity) from the ERK1/2 phosphorylation pathway, respectively. Our study is the first to measure mGlu5 NAM binding kinetics and negative allosteric modulation of mGlu5 receptor internalization and adds significant new knowledge about the molecular pharmacology of a diverse range of clinically relevant NAMs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu5) receptor is important in many brain functions and implicated in several neurological pathologies. Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) have shown promising results in preclinical models but have so far failed in human clinical trials. Here we provide the most comprehensive and comparative molecular pharmacological study to date of nine preclinically/clinically tested NAMs at the mGlu5 receptor, which is also the first study to measure ligand binding kinetics and negative allosteric modulation of mGlu5 receptor internalization.

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulators as novel tools for in vivo investigation.

Publications

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 negative allosteric modulators as novel tools for in vivo investigation.

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