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Review and uses of stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastases.

ABSTRACT: In patients with proven distant metastases from solid tumors, it has been a notion that the condition is incurable, warranting palliative care only. The term "oligometastases" was coined to refer to isolated sites of metastasis, whereby the entire burden of disease can be recognized as a finite number of discrete lesions that can be potentially cured with local therapies. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a novel treatment modality in radiation oncology that delivers a very high dose of radiation to the tumor target with high precision using single or a small number of fractions. SBRT is the result of technological advances in patient and tumor immobilization, image guidance, and treatment planning and delivery. A number of studies, both retrospective and prospective, showed promising results in terms of local tumor control and, in a limited subset of patients, of survival. This article reviews the radiobiologic, technical, and clinical aspects of SBRT for various anatomical sites.

SUBMITTER: Alongi F

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3425528 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Review and uses of stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastases.

Alongi Filippo F Arcangeli Stefano S Filippi Andrea Riccardo AR Ricardi Umberto U Scorsetti Marta M

The oncologist 20120620 8

In patients with proven distant metastases from solid tumors, it has been a notion that the condition is incurable, warranting palliative care only. The term "oligometastases" was coined to refer to isolated sites of metastasis, whereby the entire burden of disease can be recognized as a finite number of discrete lesions that can be potentially cured with local therapies. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a novel treatment modality in radiation oncology that delivers a very high dose ...[more]

PMID: 22723509

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Project description:BackgroundTo investigate the effect of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) on pulmonary oligometastases and to analyze the clinical factors and dose parameters affecting local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS).MethodsThis study retrospectively enrolled a total of 84 patients (148 lesions) treated in our department from May 2015 to November 2018. Pulmonary oligometastases was defined as up to 5 metastatic lesions in the lung and with both the primary tumor and any extra-thoracic metastases being controlled. Patients receiving a BED10 (biological effective dose, α/β =10) of SBRT ≥75 Gy and a dose/fraction ≥4 Gy were enrolled. The patient group consisted of 52 men (61.9%) and 32 women (38.1%), with a median age 56 years (range, 29-80 years). Median tumor diameter was 1.71cm (range, 1.2-5.0 cm). The BED10 was 75-119 Gy in 4-15 fractions. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed on factors predicting the outcomes.ResultsAll patients completed the treatment as planned, and the median follow-up time was 20.3 months. The median OS for the entire group was 34.3 months, with an actuarial 1-, 2-, 3- and 5-year OS of 74.7%, 59.4%, 49.7%, and 36.8%, respectively. Among the 148 lesions in the whole group, 19 (12.8%) lesions had local recurrence (LR). The median LRFS time for all patients was 56.9 months. The LRFS rate was 93.6%, 83.5%, 81.4%, and 76.6% at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years, respectively. No patient developed acute grade 3 or 4 toxicity. On univariate analysis, age ≥63 years old, primary site of colorectal cancer, BED10 <85.2 Gy, pathological type of adenocarcinoma, planning target volume (PTV) min BED10 <76.6 Gy, and gross tumor volume (GTV) ≥8.8 cc, were significantly associated with poorer LRFS. Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥63 years old, primary site of colorectal cancer, and PTV min BED10 <76.6 Gy were significant risk factors affecting LRFS.ConclusionsSBRT is feasible for pulmonary oligometastasis with favorable local control and minimal toxicity. Multiple dose parameters, instead of a prescription dose only, in combination with clinical parameters, should be considered for optimal local control.

Project description:PurposePatients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer have demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes with surgical resection of hepatic and pulmonary metastases. Stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR) has emerged as an alternative local therapy for nonsurgical candidates. Herein, we report the oncologic and patient-reported quality-of-life (PR-QoL) outcomes for a subset of patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer who were treated in a prospective phase 2 multicenter clinical trial.Methods and materialsPatients with a pathologically proven diagnosis of oligometastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled as part of a prospective study. SABR dose and fractionation schedules were dependent on the lesion location and size. Patient follow-up occurred 6 weeks after completion of SABR and at 3-month intervals for the following 3 years. Patients received the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire at baseline and at each follow-up visit to assess PR-QoL. The total Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General questionnaire scores were compared with those from baseline using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Overall survival, local progression-free survival (PFS), and distant PFS were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier estimation to the date of the last follow-up visit/death or local/distant failure.ResultsA total of 31 patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer with 1 (71.0%), 2 (16.1%), 3 (3.2%), 4 (3.2%), or 5 (6.5%) metastatic lesions were identified. After a median follow-up time of 50.1 months, the median OS from the time of completion of the SABR was 53.9 months (95% confidence interval, 23.2-84.6), and the 5-year OS, local PFS, and distant PFS were 45%, 83%, and 27%, respectively. Acute grade 2+ toxicity was 9.7% (pain, nausea, fatigue) and late grade 3+ toxicity (small bowel obstruction) was 3.2% with no significant change in PR-QoL in the year after SABR.ConclusionsThis subset analysis of a prospective phase 2 study demonstrates that SABR is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with unresectable oligometastic colorectal cancer. In addition, SABR of oligometastatic disease preserves PR-QoL.

Project description:PurposeFewer attendances for radiation therapy results in increased efficiency and less foot traffic within a radiation therapy department. We investigated outcomes after single-fraction (SF) stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with oligometastatic disease.Methods and materialsBetween February 2010 and June 2019, patients who received SF SBRT to 1 to 5 sites of oligometastatic disease were included in this retrospective study. The primary objective was to describe patterns of first failure after SBRT. Secondary objectives included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), high-grade treatment-related toxicity (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥3), and freedom from systemic therapy (FFST).ResultsIn total, 371 patients with 494 extracranial oligometastases received SF SBRT ranging from 16 Gy to 28 Gy. The most common primary malignancies were prostate (n = 107), lung (n = 63), kidney (n = 52), gastrointestinal (n = 51), and breast cancers (n = 42). The median follow-up was 3.1 years. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS was 93%, 69%, and 55%, respectively; PFS was 48%, 19%, and 14%, respectively; and FFST was 70%, 43%, and 35%, respectively. Twelve patients (3%) developed grade 3 to 4 treatment-related toxicity, with no grade 5 toxicity. As the first site of failure, the cumulative incidence of local failure (irrespective of other failures) at 1, 3 and 5 years was 4%, 8%, and 8%, respectively; locoregional relapse at the primary was 10%, 18%, and 18%, respectively; and distant failure was 45%, 66%, and 70%, respectively.ConclusionsSF SBRT is safe and effective, and a significant proportion of patients remain FFST for several years after therapy. This approach could be considered in resource-constrained or bundled-payment environments. Locoregional failure of the primary site is the second most common pattern of failure, suggesting a role for optimization of primary control during metastasis-directed therapy.

Project description:ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in managing oligometastases of prostate cancer. Moreover, it is the largest-to-date study in China to report the safety and efficacy of SBRT by CyberKnife for oligometastases of prostate cancer.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 75 patients with 108 oligometastases were treated by SBRT from May 2012 to February 2021. Among these patients, 43 patients were treated with the intention to control all known metastatic lesions and 32 were treated for palliative care. Patients received regular follow-up evaluations every 3 months. Efficacy was assessed based on local control (LC) rates, biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Safety was assessed based on clinical adverse events.ResultsMedian follow-up time was 23.2 months (1.2-106.9 months). The complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) rates were 63.0%, 10.2%, 21.3% and 5.6%, respectively. The 6-month, 1-, and 2-year LC rates were 100%, 97.5%, and 96.0% respectively while the 6-month, 1-, and 2-year bPFS rates were 74.6%, 53.3%, and 47.9%, respectively. Additionally, 6-month, 1-, and 2-year PFS rates were 77.5%, 50.8%, and 47.2%, respectively. The 6-month, 1-, and 2-year OS rates were 97.0%, 88.8%, and 87.0%, respectively. For the 15 metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with 23 lesions, the 2-year LC rates were 93.8%, while for 60 metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients with 85 lesions, the 2-year LC rates were 96.7%. No predictors of LC were found after univariate analysis. In those not on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT; n = 27), the 2-year freedom from ADT was 44.0%. All of the 24 patients with oligmetastase-induced complications experienced varying degrees of alleviation after SBRT. The treatment was well tolerated. No grade 3 or higher toxicity was observed.ConclusionSBRT is a safe and effective treatment modality in the management of oligometastases of mHSPC and mCRPC with high LC rates and acceptable toxicity. SBRT could provide a treatment choice for mCRPC, as well as an alternative to delay the start of ADT for mHSPC.

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Review and uses of stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastases.

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Review and uses of stereotactic body radiation therapy for oligometastases.

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