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Desulfohalophilus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic sulfate- and arsenate-respiring bacterium from Searles Lake, California.

ABSTRACT: A haloalkaliphilic sulfate-respiring bacterium, strain SLSR-1, was isolated from a lactate-fed stable enrichment culture originally obtained from the extreme environment of Searles Lake, California. The isolate proved capable of growth via sulfate-reduction over a broad range of salinities (125-330 g/L), although growth was slowest at salt-saturation. Strain SLSR-1 was also capable of growth via dissimilatory arsenate-reduction and displayed an even broader range of salinity tolerance (50-330 g/L) when grown under these conditions. Strain SLSR-1 could also grow via dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia. Growth experiments in the presence of high borate concentrations indicated a greater sensitivity of sulfate-reduction than arsenate-respiration to this naturally abundant anion in Searles Lake. Strain SLSR-1 contained genes involved in both sulfate-reduction (dsrAB) and arsenate respiration (arrA). Amplicons of 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from DNA extracted from Searles Lake sediment revealed the presence of close relatives of strain SLSR-1 as part of the flora of this ecosystem despite the fact that sulfate-reduction activity could not be detected in situ. We conclude that strain SLSR-1 can only achieve growth via arsenate-reduction under the current chemical conditions prevalent at Searles Lake. Strain SLSR-1 is a deltaproteobacterium in the family Desulfohalobiacea of anaerobic, haloalkaliphilic bacteria, for which we propose the name Desulfohalophilus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov., sp. nov.

SUBMITTER: Blum JS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3432211 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Desulfohalophilus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic sulfate- and arsenate-respiring bacterium from Searles Lake, California.

Blum Jodi Switzer JS Kulp Thomas R TR Han Sukkyun S Lanoil Brian B Saltikov Chad W CW Stolz John F JF Miller Laurence G LG Oremland Ronald S RS

Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions 20120629 5

A haloalkaliphilic sulfate-respiring bacterium, strain SLSR-1, was isolated from a lactate-fed stable enrichment culture originally obtained from the extreme environment of Searles Lake, California. The isolate proved capable of growth via sulfate-reduction over a broad range of salinities (125-330 g/L), although growth was slowest at salt-saturation. Strain SLSR-1 was also capable of growth via dissimilatory arsenate-reduction and displayed an even broader range of salinity tolerance (50-330 g/ ...[more]

PMID: 22744231

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Project description:Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped moderately halophilic bacterial strains, designated AD7-25(T) and AB-11, were isolated from Aiding and Manasi salt lakes in Xinjiang of China, respectively. The strains were found to be able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 0-21 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 6-8 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimal temperature and pH for growth were determined to be 33-37 °C and pH 7.0-7.5. Cells of the strains are motile by means of polar flagella. Both strains can produce ellipsoidal spores. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C15:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C14:0, anteiso-C17:0 and iso-C16:0. The diamino acid in the peptidoglycan and the major quinone system were determined to be meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP) and MK-7, respectively. The DNA G+C contents of stains AD7-25(T) and AB-11 were 39.8 and 40.0 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these two novel strains are closely related to the genus Oceanobacillus showing 90-99.5 % similarity with respect to type strains. These two novel strains were most closely related to Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi subsp. incaldanensis DSM 16557(T) (99.1 and 99.5 %), followed by O. oncorhynchi subsp. oncorhynchi JCM 12661(T) (99.1 and 99.4 %), Oceanobacillus neutriphilus CGMCC 1.7693(T) (97.0 and 97.5 %), Oceanobacillus sojae JCM 15792(T) (97.6 and 98.0 %) and Oceanobacillus locisalsi KCTC 13253(T) (96.5 and 96.9 %). The DNA-DNA hybridization data indicated that DNA relatedness between strains AD7-25(T) and AB-11 was 91.0 %, and the genomic homology of representative strain AD7-25(T) with O. oncorhynchi subsp. incaldanensis DSM 16557(T), O. oncorhynchi subsp. oncorhynchi JCM 12661(T), O. neutriphilus CGMCC 1.7693(T), O. sojae JCM 15792(T) and O. locisalsi KCTC 13253(T) were 41, 39, 20, 23 and 17 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strains AD7-25(T) and AB-11 should be assigned to the genus Oceanobacillus as a new species, for which the name Oceanobacillus aidingensis sp. nov. was proposed. The type strain is AD7-25(T) (=CGMCC 1.9106 (T) = NBRC 105904(T)).

Dataset Information

Desulfohalophilus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic sulfate- and arsenate-respiring bacterium from Searles Lake, California.

Publications

Desulfohalophilus alkaliarsenatis gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic sulfate- and arsenate-respiring bacterium from Searles Lake, California.

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