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Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.

ABSTRACT: Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) has been linked to the HLA-DR15 haplotype consisting of DRB1*15:01(DR2b) and DRB5*01:01(DR2a) alleles. Given almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the two alleles, recent studies suggested differential roles in susceptibility (DR2b) or protection from MS (DR2a). Our objective was to assess the potential contribution of DR2a to disease etiology in MS using a humanized model of autoimmunity. To assess the potential contribution of DR2a to disease etiology, we created DR2a humanized transgenic (Tg) mice and subsequently crossed them to Tg mice expressing TL3A6, an MS patient-derived myelin basic protein 83-99-specific TCR. In TL3A6/DR2a Tg mice, CD4 Tg T cells escape thymic and peripheral deletion and initiate spontaneous experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) at low rates, depending on the level of DR2a expression. The ability to induce active EAE was also increased in animals expressing higher levels of DR2a. Inflammatory infiltrates and neuronal damage were present throughout the spinal cord, consistent with a classical ascending EAE phenotype with minor involvement of the cerebellum, brainstem, and peripheral nerve roots in spontaneous, as well as actively induced, disease. These studies emphasize the pathologic contribution of the DR2a allele to the development of autoimmunity when expressed as the sole MHC class II molecule, as well as strongly argue for DR2a as a contributor to the CNS autoimmunity in MS.

SUBMITTER: Quandt JA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3436970 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.

Quandt Jacqueline A JA Huh Jaebong J Baig Mirza M Yao Karen K Ito Naoko N Bryant Mark M Kawamura Kazuyuki K Pinilla Clemencia C McFarland Henry F HF Martin Roland R Ito Kouichi K

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) 20120810 6

Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) has been linked to the HLA-DR15 haplotype consisting of DRB1*15:01(DR2b) and DRB5*01:01(DR2a) alleles. Given almost complete linkage disequilibrium of the two alleles, recent studies suggested differential roles in susceptibility (DR2b) or protection from MS (DR2a). Our objective was to assess the potential contribution of DR2a to disease etiology in MS using a humanized model of autoimmunity. To assess the potential contribution of DR2a to disea ...[more]

PMID: 22888134

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Project description:Risk of the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) is known to be increased in individuals bearing distinct class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants, whereas some of them may have a protective effect. Here we analyzed distribution of a highly polymorphous HLA-DRB1 locus in more than one thousand relapsing-remitting MS patients and healthy individuals of Russian ethnicity. Carriage of HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB1*03 alleles was associated with MS risk, whereas carriage of HLA-DRB1*01 and HLA-DRB1*11 was found to be protective. Analysis of genotypes revealed the compensatory effect of risk and resistance alleles in trans. We have identified previously unknown MBP153-161 peptide located at the C-terminus of MBP protein and MBP90-98 peptide that bound to recombinant HLA-DRB1*01:01 protein with affinity comparable to that of classical antigenic peptide 306-318 from the hemagglutinin (HA) of the influenza virus demonstrating the ability of HLA-DRB1*01:01 to present newly identified MBP153-161 and MBP90-98 peptides. Measurements of kinetic parameters of MBP and HA peptides binding to HLA-DRB1*01:01 catalyzed by HLA-DM revealed a significantly lower rate of CLIP exchange for MBP153-161 and MBP90-98 peptides as opposed to HA peptide. Analysis of the binding of chimeric MBP-HA peptides demonstrated that the observed difference between MBP153-161, MBP90-98, and HA peptide epitopes is caused by the lack of anchor residues in the C-terminal part of the MBP peptides resulting in a moderate occupation of P6/7 and P9 pockets of HLA-DRB1*01:01 by MBP153-161 and MBP90-98 peptides in contrast to HA308-316 peptide. This leads to the P1 and P4 docking failure and rapid peptide dissociation and release of empty HLA-DM-HLA-DR complex. We would like to propose that protective properties of the HLA-DRB1*01 allele could be directly linked to the ability of HLA-DRB1*01:01 to kinetically discriminate between antigenic exogenous peptides and endogenous MBP derived peptides.

Project description:BackgroundHLA-E interaction with inhibitory receptor, NKG2A attenuates NK-mediated cytotoxicity. NKG2A overexpression by SARS-CoV-2 exhausts NK cells function, whereas virus-induced down-regulation of MHC-Ia reduces its derived-leader sequence peptide levels required for proper binding of HLA-E to NKG2A. This leads HLA-E to become more complex with viral antigens and delivers them to CD8+ T cells, which facilitates cytolysis of infected cells. Now, the fact that alleles of HLA-E have different levels of expression and affinity for MHC Ia-derived peptide raises the question of whether HLA-E polymorphisms affect susceptibility to COVID-19 or its severity.Methods104 COVID-19 convalescent plasma donors with/without history of hospitalization and 18 blood donors with asymptomatic COVID-19, all were positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody as well as a group of healthy control including 68 blood donors with negative antibody were subjected to HLA-E genotyping. As a privilege, individuals hadn't been vaccinated against COVID-19 and therefore naturally exposed to the SARS-CoV-2.ResultsThe absence of HLA-E*01:03 allele significantly decreases the odds of susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection [p = 0.044; OR (95 %CI) = 0.530 (0.286 - 0.983)], suggesting that HLA-E*01:01 + HLA-E*01:01 genotype favors more protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection. HLA-E*01:03 + HLA-E*01:03 genotype was also significantly associated with more severe COVID-19 [p = 0.020; 2.606 (1.163 - 5.844) CONCLUSION: Here, our observation about lower susceptibility of HLA-E*01:01 + HLA-E*01:01 genotype to COVID-19 could be clinical evidence in support of some previous studies suggesting that the lower affinity of HLA-E*01:01 to peptides derived from the leader sequence of MHC class Ia may instead shift its binding to virus-derived peptides, which then facilitates target recognition by restricted conventional CD8+ T cells and leads to efficient cytolysis. On the other hand, according to other studies, less reactivity of HLA-E*01:01 with NKG2A abrogates NK cells or T cells inhibition, which may also lead to a greater cytotoxicity against SARS-CoV-2 infected cells compared to HLA-E*01:03. Taken together given HLA-E polymorphisms, the data presented here may be useful in identifying more vulnerable individuals to COVID-19 for better care and management. Especially since along with other risk factors in patients, having HLA-E*01:03 + HLA-E*01:03 genotype may also be associated with the possibility of severe cases of the disease.

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Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.

Publications

Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.

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Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB5*01:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB5*01:01 in multiple sclerosis.

Publications

Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB5*01:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB5*01:01 in multiple sclerosis.

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OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

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Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.

Myelin basic protein-specific TCR/HLA-DRB501:01 transgenic mice support the etiologic role of DRB501:01 in multiple sclerosis.