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DFT study on the radical anions formed by primaquine and its derivatives.

ABSTRACT: The electron affinities (EA) of the 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug primaquine and several of its metabolites were studied using the density functional theory method. We first considered six substituents at the 5-position, -CH(3), -OH, -OCH(3), -Ph, -OPh, and -CHO. We found that in the gas phase the adiabatic EAs are similar to that of the parent primaquine for the -CH(3), -OH, and -OCH(3) substituents. In contrast, the -Ph, -OPh, and -CHO substituents all markedly increase the adiabatic EA. However, only the -CHO substituted compound is predicted to form a stable covalently bound radical anion in the gas phase due to its significant positive vertical EA relative to that of the parent primaquine. In addition, when the 8-position is substituted by the N-hydroxyl group or a quinone-imine structure is formed, the electron capture ability is significantly increased. In aqueous solution, all these molecules have significantly larger adiabatic EAs than in the gas phase. In addition, all of the vertical EAs are positive in aqueous solution. The implications of these findings for contributing to our mechanistic understanding of the red cell toxicity of 8-aminoquinoline compounds are further discussed.

SUBMITTER: Liu H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3443493 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DFT study on the radical anions formed by primaquine and its derivatives.

Liu Haining H Walker Larry A LA Doerksen Robert J RJ

Chemical research in toxicology 20110707 9

The electron affinities (EA) of the 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug primaquine and several of its metabolites were studied using the density functional theory method. We first considered six substituents at the 5-position, -CH(3), -OH, -OCH(3), -Ph, -OPh, and -CHO. We found that in the gas phase the adiabatic EAs are similar to that of the parent primaquine for the -CH(3), -OH, and -OCH(3) substituents. In contrast, the -Ph, -OPh, and -CHO substituents all markedly increase the adiabatic EA. ...[more]

PMID: 21699254

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Project description:The dihydrogen-binding ability of polyatomic oxohalo anions ClO-, ClO2 -, ClO3 -, ClO4 -, BrO-, BrO2 -, BrO3 -, and BrO4 - has been studied at the M06L/6-311++G(d,p) density functional theory and the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//CCSD/aug-cc-pVDZ ab initio theory. The maximum number of dihydrogen adsorbed by the anions (n max) varies from 17 to 24 in the first coordination shell. As the number of H2 adsorbed varies from 1 to n max, the oxochloro and oxobromo anions show a wide range for interaction energy (E int), namely, 1.5-45.4 kcal/mol for the former and 1.4-46.0 kcal/mol for the latter. These results indicate that both series of anions show very similar and high affinity to bind with several dihydrogen molecules. Further, an increase in the coordination ability and a decrease in the strength of the dihydrogen interaction are observed with an increase in the number of oxygen atoms in the polyatomic anion. In contrast, the neutral oxohaloacids show negligible interaction with dihydrogen. The anion···H2 noncovalent interactions along with H···H dihydrogen interactions within the complex are ascertained by locating the bond critical points (bcps) in the quantum theory of atoms in molecules analysis. The electron density at the bcp summed up for all of the anion···H2 interactions (∑ρbcp) showed a strong linear relationship with E int, indicating that the stability of the complex is due to the formation of a large network of noncovalent bonds in the complex. The amount of electron density donated by the anion to the dihydrogen during complex formation is also gauged from the molecular electrostatic potential values at the nuclei (V n) of all of the atoms in the anion. The hydrogen uptake leads to a significant reduction in the negative character of V n, and the total change in V n from all of the anion atoms (∑ΔV n) is found to be directly proportional to E int. The polyatomic anions have a very high affinity toward dihydrogen binding, which can be utilized for the development of new hydrogen storage systems.

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DFT study on the radical anions formed by primaquine and its derivatives.

Publications

DFT study on the radical anions formed by primaquine and its derivatives.

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