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Soy milk consumption, inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

ABSTRACT: To determine the effects of soy milk consumption compared with cow's milk on inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among patients with diabetic nephropathy.This randomized, crossover clinical trial was conducted on 25 type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. This study had two trial phases, each for 4 weeks and one washout period for 2 weeks. Patients were randomly assigned to consume a diet containing soy milk or a diet containing cow's milk.Soy milk consumption resulted in a significant reduction in d-dimer level (percent change: -3.77 vs. 16.13%; P < 0.05). This significant effect remained even after adjusting for confounding factor (carbohydrate intake). However, soy milk consumption had no significant effects on tumor necrosis factor-?, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and malondialdehyde levels. The result was near to significance regarding the effect of soy milk consumption on hs-CRP (percent change: -35.45 vs. 36.76%; P = 0.05). However, this effect was not significant after adjusting for the confounding variable (carbohydrate intake).Soy milk consumption could decrease serum d-dimer level among type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. However, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress did not change following soy milk intake among these patients.

SUBMITTER: Miraghajani MS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3447833 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Soy milk consumption, inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

Miraghajani Maryam Sadat MS Esmaillzadeh Ahmad A Najafabadi Mojgan Mortazavi MM Mirlohi Maryam M Azadbakht Leila L

Diabetes care 20120711 10

<h4>Objective</h4>To determine the effects of soy milk consumption compared with cow's milk on inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among patients with diabetic nephropathy.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>This randomized, crossover clinical trial was conducted on 25 type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. This study had two trial phases, each for 4 weeks and one washout period for 2 weeks. Patients were randomly assigned to consume a diet containing soy milk or a diet containin ...[more]

PMID: 22787172

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Project description:BackgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is an important active ingredient extracted from Panax ginseng. This study aimed to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of Rg1 in DN model.MethodsThe mesangial cell line HBZY-1 was induced by high glucose (HG; 30 mM D-glucose). HG-induced HBZY-1 cells were treated with Rg1 (2.5, 5, 10 µmol/L). Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Related proteins were measured by western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). Inflammatory factors and molecules associated with oxidative stress were detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). DN rats model were treated with 50mg/kg/d Rg1 for 8 weeks, the histopathological changes and the expression of relevant markers were analyzed.ResultsWe found that Rg1 treatment markedly elevated the survival rates of HG-induced HBZY-1 cells and reduced apoptosis induced by HG. Rg1 treatment attenuated the HG-induced inflammatory response by decreasing the high levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Furthermore, Rg1 treatment alleviated HG-induced oxidative stress by decreasing ROS generation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) accumulation and increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). After Rg1 (50 mg/kg/d) treatment, the severe glomerular thylakoid hyperplasia, glomerular atrophy, tubule dermal cell exfoliation, basement membrane exposure, interstitial edema and inflammatory cell cytoplasmic infiltration were alleviated in DN rats. DN rat model treated with Rg1 (50 mg/kg/d) showed good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Rg1 treatment also increased the levels of the phosphorylation of PI3K (p-PI3K) and AKT (p-AKT) and promoted the transfer of FOXO3 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsRg1 exhibited protective effects on DN-induced inflammatory responses and oxidative stress via regulating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO3 pathway in in vitro and in vivo. The results suggest that Rg1 may be a potential therapeutic agent for DN treatment.

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Soy milk consumption, inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

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Soy milk consumption, inflammation, coagulation, and oxidative stress among type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy.

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