Dataset Information

Age at menarche and cardiovascular disease mortality in Singaporean Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

ABSTRACT: To examine whether age at menarche was inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Singaporean Chinese women.We followed prospectively 34,022 Chinese women aged 45 to 74 at enrollment (1993-1998), with complete data on study variables, through 2009 for primary cause of death from CVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CERE). Hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD mortality were computed across menarcheal age categories and adjusted for potential confounders and body mass index.Over 460,374 person-years of follow-up, 1852 women died from CVD, 998 from CHD and 557 from CERE. There was a significant interaction between age at menarche and smoking (P < .05). In nonsmokers, age at menarche was inversely associated with risk for CVD and CHD mortality. HRs (and 95% confidence interval) for CVD mortality across menarcheal age categories (? 12, 13-14, 15-16, ? 17) were 1.06 (0.87-1.29), 1 (referent), 0.89 (0.79-1.00), and 0.80 (0.69-0.93), respectively (P(trend) < .001); HRs for CHD mortality were 1.06 (0.80-1.34), 1 (referent), 0.76 (0.65-0.90), and 0.72 (0.58-0.88), respectively (P(trend) < .001). Among nonsmokers, there was no association between age at menarche and CERE mortality. Among smokers, menarcheal age was not associated with CVD, CHD or CERE mortality.Menarcheal age was inversely associated with risk of CVD mortality in nonsmoking Chinese women.

SUBMITTER: Mueller NT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3459135 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Age at menarche and cardiovascular disease mortality in Singaporean Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Mueller Noel T NT Odegaard Andrew O AO Gross Myron D MD Koh Woon Puay WP Yuan Jian-Min JM Pereira Mark A MA

Annals of epidemiology 20120831 10

<h4>Purpose</h4>To examine whether age at menarche was inversely associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Singaporean Chinese women.<h4>Methods</h4>We followed prospectively 34,022 Chinese women aged 45 to 74 at enrollment (1993-1998), with complete data on study variables, through 2009 for primary cause of death from CVD, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CERE). Hazard ratios (HRs) for CVD mortality were computed across menarcheal age categorie ...[more]

PMID: 22939833

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Project description:Although soy food has been recommended because of its presumed cardiovascular benefits, the long-term prospective association between habitual soy food intake and cardiovascular disease mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relation of soy protein and isoflavone intake with the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged and older Chinese adults residing in Singapore. The Singapore Chinese Health Study is a population-based study that recruited 63,257 Chinese adults aged 45-74 y from 1993 to 1998. Usual diet was measured at recruitment by using a validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and mortality information was identified via registry linkage until 31 December 2011. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate HRs, with adjustment for potential confounders. The median intake was 5.2 g/d for soy protein, 15.8 mg/d for soy isoflavones, and 87.4 g/d for soy expressed as tofu equivalents. We documented 4780 cardiovascular deaths during 890,473 person-years of follow-up. After adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and other dietary factors, soy protein intake was not significantly associated with cardiovascular disease mortality: HRs (95% CIs) were 1.00 (reference), 1.02 (0.94, 1.11), 1.02 (0.93, 1.11), and 1.06 (0.97, 1.17) for increasing quartiles of soy protein (P-trend = 0.24). Similarly, no significant association was observed for soy isoflavones and total tofu equivalents and when deaths from coronary heart disease (n = 2697) and stroke (n = 1298) were considered separately. When stratified by sex, HRs for cardiovascular disease mortality across quartiles of soy protein were 1.00, 1.00, 1.05, and 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.31) in men (P-trend = 0.02) and 1.00, 1.01, 0.96, and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.10) in women (P-trend = 0.31), although the interaction was not significant (P-interaction = 0.12). In conclusion, soy intake was not significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in the Chinese population. However, a slightly increased risk associated with high soy protein intake in men cannot be excluded and requires further investigation.

Project description:Study questionDo genetic polymorphisms which influence age at menarche in women of European ancestry also influence women of Chinese ancestry?Summary answerMany genetic variants influencing age at menarche in European populations appear to impact Chinese populations in a similar manner.What is known and what this paper addsPrior genome-wide association studies have uncovered 42 SNPs associated with age at menarche in European populations. This study is the first to demonstrate that many of the genetic determinants of age at menarche are shared between European and Chinese women.Participants and settingWe evaluated 37 of 42 SNPs identified as associated with age at menarche from a recent, large meta-analysis, consisting primarily of women of European ancestry, in a population of 6929 Chinese women from Shanghai, China. We also constructed weighted genetic risk scores (GRSs) combining the number of effect variants for all 37 SNPs, or only the SNPs associated with age at menarche among our study population, to evaluate their joint influence on age at menarche.Main resultsFor 32 of the 37 evaluated variants, the direction of the allele associations were the same between women of European ancestry and women of Chinese ancestry (P = 3.71 × 10(-6), binomial sign test); 9 of these were statistically significant. Subjects in the highest quintile of GRSs began menarche ∼5 months later than those in the lowest quintile. BIAS, LIMITATIONS AND GENERALIZABILITY TO OTHER POPULATIONS: Age at menarche was obtained by self-report, which can be subject to recall errors. The current analysis was restricted to loci which met or approached GWAS significance thresholds and did not evaluate loci which may act predominantly or exclusively in the Chinese population. The smaller sample size for our meta-analysis compared with meta-analyses conducted in European populations reduced the power to detect significant results.Study funding/competing interestsThis study was supported, in part, by grants from US National Institutes of Health (grants R01CA124558, R01CA090899, R01CA070867; R01CA064277 and R01CA092585 and UL1 RR024975), Ingram professorship funds and Allen Foundation funds. There are no competing interests to declare.

Dataset Information

Age at menarche and cardiovascular disease mortality in Singaporean Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

Publications

Age at menarche and cardiovascular disease mortality in Singaporean Chinese women: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.

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