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A case-control study of reproductive factors and renal cell carcinoma among black and white women in the United States.

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence is higher among blacks than whites in the United States and has been associated with the frequency and timing of childbirth among women in some epidemiologic studies. We investigated whether reproductive factors are associated with RCC, overall and by race, within a population-based case-control study. METHODS:Between 2002 and 2007, 497 female cases of incident RCC (136 black, 361 white) and 546 female controls (273 black, 273 white) within the Detroit and Chicago metropolitan areas were enrolled. Information on reproductive history and other factors was collected through in-person interviews. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS:Reduced RCC risk was observed among women aged ?30 years at first live birth, relative to an age of <20 years (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.9). This association was present among both white (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9) and, though not statistically significant, black women (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.2-1.8). In analyses restricted to clear cell adenocarcinoma, the most common RCC histological subtype, the association was particularly strong (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.8). We did not observe clear evidence of association with RCC for other reproductive factors. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings further support an association between late maternal age at first birth and reduced RCC risk, and suggest that the association may be particularly strong for clear cell adenocarcinoma.

SUBMITTER: Purdue MP

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3460515 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A case-control study of reproductive factors and renal cell carcinoma among black and white women in the United States.

Purdue Mark P MP Colt Joanne S JS Graubard Barry B Davis Faith F Ruterbusch Julie J JJ Digaetano Ralph R Karami Sara S Wacholder Sholom S Schwartz Kendra K Chow Wong-Ho WH

Cancer causes & control : CCC 20110825 11

<h4>Objective</h4>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence is higher among blacks than whites in the United States and has been associated with the frequency and timing of childbirth among women in some epidemiologic studies. We investigated whether reproductive factors are associated with RCC, overall and by race, within a population-based case-control study.<h4>Methods</h4>Between 2002 and 2007, 497 female cases of incident RCC (136 black, 361 white) and 546 female controls (273 black, 273 white) ...[more]

PMID: 21866373

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:To investigate Black-White disparities in suboptimal sleep and cardiometabolic health by government-assisted rental housing status. DESIGN:National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) pooled cross-sectional data (2004-2016). SETTING:United States. PARTICIPANTS:Black and White adult participants (n?=?80,880). MEASUREMENTS:Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals for self-reported unrecommended (<6 hours), short (?6-<7 hours), and long (>9 hours) sleep duration (each separately vs recommended (?7-9 hours)) and sleep difficulties (eg, trouble falling/staying asleep ?3 days/week) (yes vs no) among Blacks compared to Whites within rental housing categories (government-assisted vs unassisted), separately, for men and women. Within sex/housing categories, we applied the same approach to compare cardiometabolic health outcomes (ie, overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke) between Blacks with worse sleep and Whites with recommended sleep. Models were adjusted for age and other potential confounders. RESULTS:Participants' mean age was 42?±?18 years, 57% were female, and 30% Black. Blacks in unassisted housing had a higher prevalence of unrecommended and short sleep (PR?=?1.22 [1.15-1.30] -men, PR?=?1.14 [1.08-1.21] -women) compared to their White counterparts (phousing?race?=?0.001 -men, phousing?race?=?0.008 -women), but no Black-White differences (PR?=?0.88 [0.73-1.07] -men, PR?=?0.98 [0.89-1.09] -women) were observed among government-assisted renters. Generally, Blacks were less likely to report sleep difficulties than Whites. Cardiometabolic health disparities between Blacks with worse sleep and Whites with recommended sleep were generally smaller among government-assisted renters, but relationships varied by sex. CONCLUSIONS:There were no racial disparities in short sleep duration, and cardiometabolic health disparities were generally attenuated when Blacks and Whites resided in government-assisted rental housing.

Project description:BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma and hypertension (a well-established renal cancer risk factor) are both more frequent among blacks than whites in the United States. The association between hypertension and renal cell carcinoma has not been examined in black Americans. We investigated the hypertension-renal cancer association by race, and we assessed the role of hypertension in the racial disparity of renal cancer incidence.MethodsParticipants were enrolled in a population-based case-control study in Detroit and Chicago during 2002-2007 (number of cases: 843 whites, 358 blacks; number of controls: 707 whites, 519 blacks). Participants reported their history of hypertension and antihypertensive drug use. We used unconditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for demographic characteristics, smoking, body mass index, and family history of cancer.ResultsHypertension doubled renal cancer risk (OR = 2.0 [CI = 1.7-2.5]) overall. For whites, the OR was 1.9 (CI = 1.5-2.4), whereas for blacks it was 2.8 (2.1-3.8) (P for interaction = 0.11). ORs increased with time after hypertension diagnosis (P for trend <0.001), reaching 4.1 (CI = 2.3-7.4) for blacks and 2.6 (CI = 1.7-4.1) for whites after 25 years. ORs for poorly controlled hypertension were 4.5 (CI = 2.3-8.8) for blacks and 2.1 (CI = 1.2-3.8) for whites. If these estimates correctly represent causal effects and if, hypothetically, hypertension could be prevented entirely among persons aged 50-79 years, the black/white disparity in renal cancer could be reversed among women and reduced by two-thirds among men.ConclusionsHypertension is a risk factor for renal cancer among both blacks and whites, and might explain a substantial portion of the racial disparity in renal cancer incidence. Preventing and controlling hypertension might reduce renal cancer incidence, adding to the known benefits of blood pressure control for heart disease and stroke reduction, particularly among blacks.

Project description:Employers play a vital role in promoting and supporting tobacco use cessation among tobacco-using workers. Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is a preventable cause of complications in pregnancy and adverse infant health outcomes.To estimate cigarette smoking prevalence and attempts to quit among working women of reproductive age in different industries and occupations using a nationally representative survey.The 2009-2013 National Health Interview Survey data for women of reproductive age (18-49 years) who were working in the week prior to the interview (n = 30855) were analyzed. Data were adjusted for nonresponse and weighted to produce nationally representative estimates.During 2009-2013, among working women of reproductive age, an estimated 17.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.7-17.8) and 12.9% (95% CI: 12.4-13.4) were current and former cigarette smokers, respectively. Of women who smoke daily, 44.5% (95% CI: 42.5-46.5) had made a quit attempt for more than 1 day in the year before the interview. Cigarette smoking prevalence was highest among women working in the construction industry (29.2%; 95% CI: 22.8-35.7) and in construction and extraction occupations (34.6%; 95% CI: 23.4-45.9). Among working women who were pregnant at the time of the interview, 6.8% (95% CI: 4.4-9.2) and 20.4% (95% CI: 16.9-24.0) were current and former cigarette smokers, respectively.Cigarette smoking prevalence varies by industry and occupation. Intensifying tobacco control efforts in high prevalence industries and occupations could result in higher cessation rates and improvements in health among women of reproductive age.This study identified discrepancies in cigarette smoking among women of reproductive age across industries and occupations. In the absence of smoke-free local and state laws, employer-established smoke-free policies and workplace cessation programs are important for achieving reduction of tobacco use among women and for protecting other workers' health. Results in this report may assist in developing educational campaigns targeting women in industries and occupations with high prevalence of cigarette smoking and low percentage of ever-smokers who had quit.

Dataset Information

A case-control study of reproductive factors and renal cell carcinoma among black and white women in the United States.

Publications

A case-control study of reproductive factors and renal cell carcinoma among black and white women in the United States.

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