Dataset Information

Low circulating adropin concentrations with obesity and aging correlate with risk factors for metabolic disease and increase after gastric bypass surgery in humans.

ABSTRACT: Mouse studies suggest that adropin, a peptide hormone, is required for metabolic homeostasis and prevention of obesity-associated insulin resistance. Whether obesity and insulin resistance are associated with low plasma adropin levels in humans is not known.Our objective was to investigate the hypothesis that obesity and indicators of insulin resistance are associated with low adropin levels and determine whether weight loss regulates adropin levels.Plasma was obtained from 85 female [age 21-67 yr, body mass index (BMI) 19.4-71.5 kg/m2] and 45 male (age 18-70 yr, BMI 19.1-62.6 kg/m2) volunteers for other clinical studies. The impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was investigated in 19 obese females (BMI 37-65 kg/m2) using samples collected at baseline and 1-12 months after surgery.Adropin levels correlate negatively with BMI (r=-0.335, P<0.001) and age (r=-0.263, P=0.003). Age-adjusted adropin levels are higher in males [4.1 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.6-4.6 ng/ml] than females (3.0 ng/ml; 95% CI=2.6-3.4 ng/ml) (P=0.001). In all subjects, lower age-adjusted adropin levels were observed in overweight (3.3 ng/ml; 95% CI=2.8-3.8 ng/ml, P=0.033) and obese (2.7 ng/ml; 95% CI=2.1-3.3 ng/ml, P=0.001) compared with healthy-weight subjects (4.1 ng/ml; 95% CI=3.6-4.5 ng/ml). This effect was gender specific (weight category×gender, P<0.001) and was observed in males only. Aging and diagnosis with two or more metabolic syndrome risk factors was associated with low adropin levels, irrespective of sex. Adropin concentrations increased after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, peaking 3 months after surgery (P<0.01).Although males exhibit higher adropin levels that are reduced by obesity, aging and markers of insulin resistance are associated with low plasma adropin irrespective of sex.

SUBMITTER: Butler AA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3462944 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Low circulating adropin concentrations with obesity and aging correlate with risk factors for metabolic disease and increase after gastric bypass surgery in humans.

Butler Andrew A AA Tam Charmaine S CS Stanhope Kimber L KL Wolfe Bruce M BM Ali Mohamed R MR O'Keeffe Majella M St-Onge Marie-Pierre MP Ravussin Eric E Havel Peter J PJ

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism 20120807 10

<h4>Context</h4>Mouse studies suggest that adropin, a peptide hormone, is required for metabolic homeostasis and prevention of obesity-associated insulin resistance. Whether obesity and insulin resistance are associated with low plasma adropin levels in humans is not known.<h4>Objectives</h4>Our objective was to investigate the hypothesis that obesity and indicators of insulin resistance are associated with low adropin levels and determine whether weight loss regulates adropin levels.<h4>Design ...[more]

PMID: 22872690

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Project description:ObjectivesOur aim was to investigate in a real-life setting the use of machine learning for modelling the postprandial glucose concentrations in morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).MethodsAs part of the prospective randomized open-label trial (RYSA), data from obese (BMI ≥35 kg/m2) non-diabetic adult participants were included. Glucose concentrations, measured with FreeStyle Libre, were recorded over 14 preoperative and 14 postoperative days. During these periods, 3-day food intake was self-reported. A machine learning model was applied to estimate glycaemic responses to the reported carbohydrate intakes before and after the bariatric surgeries.ResultsAltogether, 10 participants underwent RYGB and 7 participants OAGB surgeries. The glucose concentrations and carbohydrate intakes were reduced postoperatively in both groups. The relative time spent in hypoglycaemia increased regardless of the operation (RYGB, from 9.2 to 28.2%; OAGB, from 1.8 to 37.7%). Postoperatively, we observed an increase in the height of the fitted response curve and a reduction in its width, suggesting that the same amount of carbohydrates caused a larger increase in the postprandial glucose response and that the clearance of the meal-derived blood glucose was faster, with no clinically meaningful differences between the surgeries.ConclusionsA detailed analysis of the glycaemic responses using food diaries has previously been difficult because of the noisy meal data. The utilized machine learning model resolved this by modelling the uncertainty in meal times. Such an approach is likely also applicable in other applications involving dietary data. A marked reduction in overall glycaemia, increase in postprandial glucose response, and rapid glucose clearance from the circulation immediately after surgery are evident after both RYGB and OAGB. Whether nondiabetic individuals would benefit from monitoring the post-surgery hypoglycaemias and the potential to prevent them by dietary means should be investigated.KEY MESSAGESThe use of a novel machine learning model was applicable for combining patient-reported data and time-series data in this clinical study.Marked increase in postprandial glucose concentrations and rapid glucose clearance were observed after both Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one-anastomosis gastric bypass surgeries.Whether nondiabetic individuals would benefit from monitoring the post-surgery hypoglycaemias and the potential to prevent them by dietary means should be investigated.

Dataset Information

Low circulating adropin concentrations with obesity and aging correlate with risk factors for metabolic disease and increase after gastric bypass surgery in humans.

Publications

Low circulating adropin concentrations with obesity and aging correlate with risk factors for metabolic disease and increase after gastric bypass surgery in humans.

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