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Cytotoxic mechanisms employed by mouse T cells to destroy pancreatic ?-cells.


ABSTRACT: Several cytotoxic mechanisms have been attributed to T cells participating in ?-cell death in type 1 diabetes. However, sensitivity of ?-cells to these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo is likely to be different. Moreover, CD4? and CD8? T cells may use distinct mechanisms to cause ?-cell demise that possibly involve activation of third-party cytotoxic cells. We used the transfer of genetically modified diabetogenic T cells into normal, mutant, and bone marrow chimeric recipients to test the contribution of major cytotoxic mechanisms in ?-cell death. We found that 1) the killing of ?-cells by CD4? T cells required activation of the recipient's own cytotoxic cells via tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?); 2) CD8? T-cell cytotoxic mechanisms destroying ?-cells were limited to perforin and Fas ligand, as double knockouts of these molecules abrogated the ability of T cells to cause diabetes; and 3) individual CD8? T-cell clones chose their cytotoxic weaponry by a yet unknown mechanism and destroyed their targets via either Fas-independent or Fas-dependent (~40% of clones) pathways. Fas-dependent destruction was assisted by TNF-?.

SUBMITTER: Varanasi V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3478530 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cytotoxic mechanisms employed by mouse T cells to destroy pancreatic β-cells.

Varanasi Vineeth V   Avanesyan Lia L   Schumann Desiree M DM   Chervonsky Alexander V AV  

Diabetes 20120706 11


Several cytotoxic mechanisms have been attributed to T cells participating in β-cell death in type 1 diabetes. However, sensitivity of β-cells to these mechanisms in vitro and in vivo is likely to be different. Moreover, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells may use distinct mechanisms to cause β-cell demise that possibly involve activation of third-party cytotoxic cells. We used the transfer of genetically modified diabetogenic T cells into normal, mutant, and bone marrow chimeric recipients to test the contri  ...[more]

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