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1H-ENDOR evidence for a hydrogen-bonding interaction that modulates the reactivity of a nonheme Fe(IV)?O unit.

ABSTRACT: We report that a novel use of 35 GHz (1)H-ENDOR spectroscopy establishes the presence in 1 of an Fe(IV)?O···H-O-Fe(III) hydrogen bond predicted by density functional theory computations to generate a six-membered-ring core for 1. The hydrogen bond rationalizes the difference in the C-H bond cleavage reactivity between 1 and 4(OCH(3)) (where a CH(3)O group has replaced the HO on the Fe(III) site). This result substantiates the seemingly paradoxical conclusion that the nonheme Fe(IV)?O unit of 1 not only has the electrophilic character required for H-atom abstraction but also retains sufficient nucleophilic character to accept a hydrogen bond from the Fe(III)-OH unit.

SUBMITTER: Shanmugam M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3482979 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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1H-ENDOR evidence for a hydrogen-bonding interaction that modulates the reactivity of a nonheme Fe(IV)═O unit.

Shanmugam Muralidharan M Xue Genqiang G Que Lawrence L Hoffman Brian M BM

Inorganic chemistry 20120917 19

We report that a novel use of 35 GHz (1)H-ENDOR spectroscopy establishes the presence in 1 of an Fe(IV)═O···H-O-Fe(III) hydrogen bond predicted by density functional theory computations to generate a six-membered-ring core for 1. The hydrogen bond rationalizes the difference in the C-H bond cleavage reactivity between 1 and 4(OCH(3)) (where a CH(3)O group has replaced the HO on the Fe(III) site). This result substantiates the seemingly paradoxical conclusion that the nonheme Fe(IV)═O unit of 1 n ...[more]

PMID: 22984805

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Project description:Oxoiron(IV) species have been found to act as the oxidants in the catalytic cycles of several mononuclear nonheme iron enzymes that activate dioxygen. To gain insight into the factors that govern the oxidative reactivity of such complexes, a series of five synthetic S = 1 [Fe(IV)(O)(L(N5))](2+) complexes has been characterized with respect to their spectroscopic and electrochemical properties as well as their relative abilities to carry out oxo transfer and hydrogen atom abstraction. The Fe=O units in these five complexes are supported by neutral pentadentate ligands having a combination of pyridine and tertiary amine donors but with different ligand frameworks. Characterization of the five complexes by X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals Fe=O bonds of ca. 1.65 Å in length that give rise to the intense 1s?3d pre-edge features indicative of iron centers with substantial deviation from centrosymmetry. Resonance Raman studies show that the five complexes exhibit ?(Fe=O) modes at 825-841 cm(-1). Spectropotentiometric experiments in acetonitrile with 0.1 M water reveal that the supporting pentadentate ligands modulate the E(1/2)(IV/III) redox potentials with values ranging from 0.83 to 1.23 V vs. Fc, providing the first electrochemical determination of the E(1/2)(IV/III) redox potentials for a series of oxoiron(IV) complexes. The 0.4-V difference in potential may arise from differences in the relative number of pyridine and tertiary amine donors on the L(N5) ligand and in the orientations of the pyridine donors relative to the Fe=O bond that are enforced by the ligand architecture. The rates of oxo-atom transfer (OAT) to thioanisole correlate linearly with the increase in the redox potentials, reflecting the relative electrophilicities of the oxoiron(IV) units. However this linear relationship does not extend to the rates of hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) from 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD), 9,10-dihydroanthracene (DHA), and benzyl alcohol, suggesting that the HAT reactions are not governed by thermodynamics alone. This study represents the first investigation to compare the electrochemical and oxidative properties of a series of S = 1 Fe(IV)=O complexes with different ligand frameworks and sheds some light on the complexities of the reactivity of the oxoiron(IV) unit.

Project description:The intramolecular gas-phase reactivity of four oxoiron(IV) complexes supported by tetradentate N(4) ligands (L) has been studied by means of tandem mass spectrometry measurements in which the gas-phase ions [Fe(IV)(O)(L)(OTf)](+) (OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate) and [Fe(IV) (O)(L)](2+) were isolated and then allowed to fragment by collision-induced decay (CID). CID fragmentation of cations derived from oxoiron(IV) complexes of 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (tmc) and N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,5-diazacyclooctane (L(8)Py(2)) afforded the same predominant products irrespective of whether they were hexacoordinate or pentacoordinate. These products resulted from the loss of water by dehydrogenation of ethylene or propylene linkers on the tetradentate ligand. In contrast, CID fragmentation of ions derived from oxoiron(IV) complexes of linear tetradentate ligands N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,2-diaminoethane (bpmen) and N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropane (bpmpn) showed predominant oxidative N-dealkylation for the hexacoordinate [Fe(IV)(O)(L)(OTf)](+) cations and predominant dehydrogenation of the diaminoethane/propane backbone for the pentacoordinate [Fe(IV)(O)(L)](2+) cations. DFT calculations on [Fe(IV)(O)(bpmen)] ions showed that the experimentally observed preference for oxidative N-dealkylation versus dehydrogenation of the diaminoethane linker for the hexa- and pentacoordinate ions, respectively, is dictated by the proximity of the target C-H bond to the oxoiron(IV) moiety and the reactive spin state. Therefore, there must be a difference in ligand topology between the two ions. More importantly, despite the constraints on the geometries of the TS that prohibit the usual upright ? trajectory and prevent optimal ?(CH)-?*(z2) overlap, all the reactions still proceed preferentially on the quintet (S = 2) state surface, which increases the number of exchange interactions in the d block of iron and leads thereby to exchange enhanced reactivity (EER). As such, EER is responsible for the dominance of the S = 2 reactions for both hexa- and pentacoordinate complexes.

Dataset Information

1H-ENDOR evidence for a hydrogen-bonding interaction that modulates the reactivity of a nonheme Fe(IV)?O unit.

Publications

1H-ENDOR evidence for a hydrogen-bonding interaction that modulates the reactivity of a nonheme Fe(IV)═O unit.

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