Dataset Information

Screening for HIV among tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Sindh, Pakistan.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To describe feasibility and results of systematic screening of tuberculosis (TB) patients for HIV.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Six selected sentinel sites (public DOTS clinics) in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.

Participants

All TB patients aged 16-60 years registered for treatment from April 2008 to March 2012.

Measurement

Demographic information of registered TB patients, screening for HIV through rapid testing and confirmation by referral lab of Sindh AIDS Control Program, according to national guidelines.

Results

Of a total of 18 461 registered TB patients, 12 882 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were given education and counselling. Of those counselled 12 552 (97.4%) were screened for HIV using a rapid test. Men made up 48% of the sample and 76.5% of patients had pulmonary TB. Of the total patients tested, 42 (0.34%) were HIV-positive after confirmatory testing at the Sindh AIDS Control Program Laboratory. Prevalence of HIV among male patients was 0.67% whereas prevalence among female patients was 0.03% (p value <0.001). Prevalence of HIV among pulmonary TB patients was 0.29% and among extrapulmonary TB patients was 0.48% (p value=0.09).

Conclusion

In public DOTS clinics in Pakistan it is feasible to test TB patients for HIV. Prevalence of HIV is three times higher among TB patients as compared with the general population in Pakistan. Although the results are not representative of Pakistan or Sindh province they cover a large catchment area and closely match WHO estimate for the country. Routinely screening all TB patients for HIV infection, especially targeting men and ensuring antiretroviral therapy, can significantly improve TB/HIV collaborative activities in Pakistan and identify many cases of HIV, improve health outcomes and save lives.

SUBMITTER: Hasnain J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3488723 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Screening for HIV among tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Sindh, Pakistan.

Hasnain Jamshed J Memon Ghulam Nabi GN Memon Ashraf A Channa Abid Ali AA Creswell Jacob J Shah Sharaf Ali SA

BMJ open 20121018 5

<h4>Objective</h4>To describe feasibility and results of systematic screening of tuberculosis (TB) patients for HIV.<h4>Design</h4>Cross-sectional study.<h4>Setting</h4>Six selected sentinel sites (public DOTS clinics) in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.<h4>Participants</h4>All TB patients aged 16-60 years registered for treatment from April 2008 to March 2012.<h4>Measurement</h4>Demographic information of registered TB patients, screening for HIV through rapid testing and confirmation by referr ...[more]

PMID: 23087016

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Project description:BackgroundThe tet oncogene family member 2 (TET2) gene has been reported to be involved in DNA methylation and epigenetic regulation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Various studies have proven functional role of TET2 mutations in AML. We herein studied the frequency and genotype-phenotype correlation of TET2 gene in AML patients in Sindh, Pakistan.Patients and methodsThe current study was carried out at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, in collaboration with National Institute of Blood Disease & Bone Marrow Transplant, Karachi, Pakistan, during the period from June 2019 to June 2020. A total of 130 patients diagnosed with AML were screened for TET2 mutations. Whole exome sequencing of 14 individuals was carried out to find the genetic variants in TET2 gene. The pathogenicity of the variants was predicted by SIFT, PolyPhen2, Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. The allele frequency of the variants was compared with global population using 1000 genomes project and Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC). Furthermore, exon 3 and exon 5 of the TET2 gene were sequenced by using Sanger sequencing. The findings were correlated with subtypes of AML and corresponding karyotypes.ResultsThrough the exome sequencing, 17 genetic variants (13 SNPs and four indels) were identified in 14 individuals. Of these, four variants that is, one frameshift deletion, one frameshift insertion and two nonsense variants were novel and not present in dbSNP151 database. Three novel variants were found in exon 3 including two frameshift variants that is, p.T395fs and G494fs, predicted as deleterious by CADD Phred scores, and one stop-gain variant (p.G898X) predicted as deleterious by Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. One novel non sense variant (p.Q1191X) was found in the exon 5 predicted as deleterious by SIFT, Mutation Taster and CADD Phred scores. Sanger sequencing analysis revealed one novel deletion at g105233851: del.TAGATAGA, and one novel SNP g;105233861 T>G identified in the TET2 gene. Majority of the exon 3 mutations were seen in the patients diagnosed with AML with maturation, and had a normal karyotype.ConclusionTET2 mutations were identified in around 16% of the total patients of our study indicating other mechanisms being involved in pathophysiology of AML in this cohort. The TET2 mutations provide a prognostic value in determining AML classification.

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Dataset Information

Screening for HIV among tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Sindh, Pakistan.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Measurement

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Screening for HIV among tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Sindh, Pakistan.

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