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Axial elongation following cataract surgery during the first year of life in the infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

ABSTRACT: To compare ocular axial elongation in infants after unilateral cataract surgery corrected with a contact lens (CL) or primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.Baseline axial length (AL) was measured at the time of cataract surgery (1-6 months) and at age 1 year. AL at baseline and age 1 year and the change in length/mo were analyzed in relation to treatment modality, cataractous versus fellow eye, and age at surgery using linear mixed models.Mean baseline AL did not differ between the CL and IOL groups for either cataractous or fellow eyes. Eyes with cataracts were shorter than fellow eyes by an average of 0.6 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4-0.8 mm; P < 0.0001). For the operated eyes, the mean change in AL/mo was smaller in the CL group (0.17 mm/mo) than in the IOL group (0.24 mm/mo) (P = 0.0006) and was independent of age at surgery (P = 0.19). In contrast, the change in AL/mo for fellow eyes decreased with older age at surgery (P < 0.0001). At age 1 year, operated eyes treated with a CL were 0.6 mm shorter on average than operated eyes treated with an IOL (P = 0.009).At baseline, eyes with cataracts were shorter than fellow eyes. The change in AL/mo was smaller in operated eyes treated with a CL than in operated eyes treated with an IOL, but was not significantly related to age at surgery. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00212134.).

SUBMITTER: Lambert SR

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3493185 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Axial elongation following cataract surgery during the first year of life in the infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

Lambert Scott R SR Lynn Michael J MJ DuBois Lindreth G LG Cotsonis George A GA Hartmann E Eugenie EE Wilson M Edward ME

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 20121107 12

<h4>Purpose</h4>To compare ocular axial elongation in infants after unilateral cataract surgery corrected with a contact lens (CL) or primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.<h4>Methods</h4>Baseline axial length (AL) was measured at the time of cataract surgery (1-6 months) and at age 1 year. AL at baseline and age 1 year and the change in length/mo were analyzed in relation to treatment modality, cataractous versus fellow eye, and age at surgery using linear mixed models.<h4>Results</h4>Mea ...[more]

PMID: 23074203

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Project description:We report endothelial cell (EC) characteristics and central corneal thickness (CCT) from the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) patients at the 5-year examination.Randomized, controlled trial of the treatment of unilateral cataract with aphakic contact lens (CL) versus primary intraocular lens (IOL) implant.A total of 114 infants with unilateral cataract.The EC density, coefficient of variation (CV), and percent hexagonal cells were measured by noncontact specular microscopy. The CCT was measured using contact pachymetry. Fellow eyes served as controls.Mean differences between treated and fellow eyes of CL and IOL groups were compared with a paired t test. A 1-way analysis of variance model and the Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison procedure were used to assess the effect of a diagnosis of glaucoma or glaucoma suspect.A total of 105 subjects (52 with CLs, 53 with IOLs) had specular microscopy or corneal thickness data recorded. Mean EC densities were higher in aphakic eyes compared with fellow eyes (3921 vs. 3495 cells/mm2, P<0.0001). Mean CV was higher (27 vs. 24, P=0.0002) and mean percent hexagonal cells was lower (72% vs. 76%, P=0.002) in aphakic eyes compared with fellow eyes. Mean CCT of aphakic eyes was higher than in controls (637 vs. 563 ?m, P<0.0001). There was no difference in EC density in eyes treated with IOLs compared with fellow eyes (3445 and 3487 cells/mm2, P=0.68). Means for CV (25 vs. 24, P=0.07) and percent hexagonal cells (74 vs. 76%, P=0.27) were also not significantly different. Mean CCT was higher in eyes with IOLs (605 vs. 571 ?m, P<0.0001) compared with fellow eyes. Compared with treated eyes without glaucoma or glaucoma suspect, treated eyes with glaucoma had lower EC density (3289 vs. 3783 cells/mm2, P=0.03) and treated eyes with glaucoma suspect had greater mean corneal thickness (660 vs. 612 ?m, P=0.0036).Cataract extraction during infancy with IOL implantation was not associated with a reduced EC count in treated compared with fellow eyes, although CCT was increased. Extended-wear aphakic CLs may cause corneal polymegathism with increased EC density and CCT. Glaucoma diagnosis was associated with reduced EC counts and increased CCT.

Project description:Glaucoma-related adverse events constitute major sight-threatening complications of cataract removal in infancy, yet their relationship to aphakia vs primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation remains unsettled.To identify and characterize cases of glaucoma and glaucoma-related adverse events (glaucoma?+?glaucoma suspect) among children in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study by the age of 5 years.A multicenter randomized clinical trial of 114 infants with unilateral congenital cataract in referral centers who were between ages 1 and 6 months at surgery. Mean follow-up was 4.8 years. This secondary analysis was conducted from December 23, 2004, to November 13, 2013.Participants were randomized at cataract surgery to either primary IOL or no IOL implantation (contact lens). Standardized definitions of glaucoma and glaucoma suspect were created for the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study and applied for surveillance and diagnosis.Development of glaucoma and glaucoma?+?glaucoma suspect in operated on eyes for children up to age 5 years, plus intraocular pressure, visual acuity, and axial length at age 5 years.Product limit estimates of the risk for glaucoma and glaucoma?+?glaucoma suspect at 4.8 years after surgery were 17% (95% CI, 11%-25%) and 31% (95% CI, 24%-41%), respectively. The contact lens and IOL groups were not significantly different for either outcome: glaucoma (hazard ratio [HR], 0.8; 95% CI, 0.3-2.0; P?=?.62) and glaucoma?+?glaucoma suspect (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.6-2.5; P?=?.58). Younger (vs older) age at surgery conferred an increased risk for glaucoma (26% vs 9%, respectively) at 4.8 years after surgery (HR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.2-8.3), and smaller (vs larger) corneal diameter showed an increased risk for glaucoma?+?glaucoma suspect (HR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-5.0). Age and corneal diameter were significantly positively correlated. Glaucoma was predominantly open angle (19 of 20 cases, 95%), most eyes received medication (19 of 20, 95%), and 8 of 20 eyes (40%) underwent surgery.These results suggest that glaucoma-related adverse events are common and increase between ages 1 and 5 years in infants after unilateral cataract removal at 1 to 6 months of age; primary IOL placement does not mitigate their risk but surgery at a younger age increases the risk. Longer follow-up of these children may further characterize risk factors, long-term outcomes, potential differences between eyes having primary IOL vs aphakia, and optimal timing of unilateral congenital cataract removal.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00212134.

Dataset Information

Axial elongation following cataract surgery during the first year of life in the infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

Publications

Axial elongation following cataract surgery during the first year of life in the infant Aphakia Treatment Study.

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