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Genomic variation in cline shape across a hybrid zone.

ABSTRACT: Hybrid zones are unique biological interfaces that reveal both population level and species level evolutionary processes. A genome-scale approach to assess gene flow across hybrid zones is vital, and now possible. In Mexican towhees (genus Pipilo), several morphological hybrid gradients exist. We completed a genome survey across one such gradient (9 populations, 140 birds) using mitochondrial DNA, 28 isozyme, and 377 AFLP markers. To assess variation in introgression among loci, cline parameters (i.e., width, center) for the 61 clinally varying loci were estimated and compiled into genomic distributions for tests against three empirical models spanning the range of observed cline shape. No single model accounts for observed variation in cline shape among loci. Numerous backcross individuals near the gradient center confirm a hybrid origin for these populations, contrary to a previous hypothesis based on social mimicry and character displacement. In addition, the observed variation does not bin into well-defined categories of locus types (e.g., neutral vs. highly selected). Our multi-locus analysis reveals cross-genomic variation in selective constraints on gene flow and locus-specific flexibility in the permeability of the interspecies membrane.

SUBMITTER: Kingston SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3501626 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genomic variation in cline shape across a hybrid zone.

Kingston Sarah E SE Jernigan Robert W RW Fagan William F WF Braun David D Braun Michael J MJ

Ecology and evolution 20121001 11

Hybrid zones are unique biological interfaces that reveal both population level and species level evolutionary processes. A genome-scale approach to assess gene flow across hybrid zones is vital, and now possible. In Mexican towhees (genus Pipilo), several morphological hybrid gradients exist. We completed a genome survey across one such gradient (9 populations, 140 birds) using mitochondrial DNA, 28 isozyme, and 377 AFLP markers. To assess variation in introgression among loci, cline parameters ...[more]

PMID: 23170209

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Project description:Abstract Allopatric gene pools can evolve in different directions through adaptive and nonadaptive processes and are therefore a source of intraspecific diversity. The connection of these previously isolated gene pools through human intervention can lead to intraspecific diversity loss, through extirpation of native populations or hybridization. However, the mechanisms leading to these situations are not always explicitly documented and are thus rarely used to manage intraspecific diversity. In particular, genotype‐by‐environment (GxE) interactions can drive postzygotic reproductive isolation mechanisms that may result in a mosaic of diversity patterns, depending on the local environment. We test this hypothesis using a salmonid species (Salmo trutta) in the Mediterranean (MED) area, where intensive stocking from non‐native Atlantic (ATL) origins has led to various outcomes of hybridization with the native MED lineage, going from MED resilience to total extirpation via full hybridization. We investigate patterns of offspring survival at egg stage in natural environments, based on parental genotypes in interaction with river temperature, to detect potential GxE interactions. Our results show a strong influence of maternal GxE interaction on embryonic survival, mediated by maternal effect through egg size, and a weak influence of paternal GxE interaction. In particular, when egg size is large and temperature is cold, the survival rate of offspring originating from MED females is three times higher than that of ATL females’ offspring. Because river temperatures show contrast at small scale, this cold adaptation for MED females’ offspring constitutes a potent postzygotic mechanism to explain small‐scale spatial heterogeneity in diversity observed in MED areas where ATL fish have been stocked. It also indicates that management efforts could be specifically targeted at the environments that actively favor native intraspecific diversity through eco‐evolutionary processes such as postzygotic selection.

Dataset Information

Genomic variation in cline shape across a hybrid zone.

Publications

Genomic variation in cline shape across a hybrid zone.

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